Kapitał społeczny mieszkańców Łodzi w ujęciu przestrzennym
Streszczenie
Celem prezentowanego artykułu jest zbadanie poziomu kapitału społecznego mieszkańców
Łodzi, a także przestrzenne ujęcie badanego zjawiska. Podstawę empiryczną
analiz stanowią reprezentatywne badania ilościowe przeprowadzone w 2010 r. na próbie
blisko 500 mieszkańców Łodzi.
Z przeprowadzonych badań wynika, że łodzianie posiadają niewielkie zasoby kapitału
społecznego. Badane zjawisko jest natomiast silnie zróżnicowane przestrzennie.
W przestrzeni miasta można wyróżnić obszary o wysokim i niskim poziomie kapitału
społecznego oraz jego komponentów. Different reference resources emphasize that social capital, unlike human capital
should not be conceived as an attribute of individual citizens but asa cultural
phenomenon which is a public good built in the long-time perspective (Czapiński 2006).
Social capital can also be understood as the reserves at a disposal of an individual which
allow them to get certain benefits in personal and professional life. Social capital is therefore one of many factors determining the development of cities and the intensity
and pace of changes occurring within them.
The aim of the foregoing article is to examine the level of social capital of Łódź
residents and to inspect the spatial approach to the phenomenon under investigation. The
empirical basis of the analyses was the representative quantitative research conducted in
2010 on a sample of about 500 residents of Łódź, where as an indicator of the ecological
variable used in the study in volved districts divided into housing estates units.
The study illustrates that residents of Łódź show a low level of social capital
represented by low levels of all three of its components: trust, norms and networks.
The spatial analysis performed revealed a great diversity of Łódź in terms of social
capital. There are areas of the city which can be recognized as showing high and low
levels of social capital and its components. This is of course reflected in various aspects
of social life, including the standard and quality of life of residents living in particular
areas. Studies have shown that people representing individual residential areas with the
highest level of social capital have a better standard of living and take a greater
satisfaction in life than those from the areas where the levels of the studied phenomenon
reached the lowest limits.