http://hdl.handle.net/11089/1020 2026-10-19T05:46:01Z 2026-10-19T05:46:01Z Rakowski, Mateusz http://hdl.handle.net/11089/59455 2026-10-10T04:20:31Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Hybrydowość i asymetryczność przyszłych konfliktów w cyberprzestrzeni Rakowski, Mateusz This doctoral dissertation examines how the digital revolution has transformed contemporary conflict, with a focus on the impact of cyberspace on modern asymmetric, irregular and hybrid warfare. Rather than operating as an independent domain, cyberspace permeates all areas of conflict, exploiting characteristics such as low barriers to entry, difficulty in establishing attribution, and an unbounded geography to reduce the threshold for hostilities and empower non-state actors. Using systems analysis, comparative-historical methods and interpretative frameworks, the study critically evaluates Western, Russian and Chinese doctrinal perspectives alongside empirical case studies and policy documents. The findings demonstrate that, although asymmetry and hybridity are historically persistent, digitalisation has radically altered their scale and tempo, blurring the line between peace and war. Although states attempt to partially de-digitalise critical infrastructure for protection, complete isolation is unfeasible due to deep structural dependencies. Ultimately, the dissertation proposes adopting a paradigm of permanent uncertainty and suggests using a probabilistic risk-assessment model to inform strategic decision-making in complex environments where cyberspace continuously intensifies, exacerbates, and escalates traditional kinetic conflict.

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z Dyner, Anna Maria http://hdl.handle.net/11089/59454 2026-10-10T04:20:51Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

Znaczenie sił zbrojnych w polityce zagranicznej Federacji Rosyjskiej w latach 2008-2022 Dyner, Anna Maria The main aim of my doctoral dissertation entitled The role of the armed forces in the foreign policy of the Russian Federation between 2008 and 2022 was to show the significance of the use of the Russian armed forces in it’s foreign policy between 2008 and 2022. The timeframe of this study – 2008–2022 – is defined by two landmark events. In 2008, for the first time since the collapse of the Soviet Union, Russia went to war with another country. The year 2022, meanwhile, marks an equally clear turning point with Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine. Following an analysis of source materials and relevant literature, the following research hypothesis was formulated: The military factor is a key element in the pursuit of Russian foreign policy objectives such as: maintaining the country’s territorial integrity, preserving Russia’s dominant position almost across the entire former Soviet Union, and restoring Russia to its role as one of the world’s most important players.The analyses and research carried out clearly show that, for Russia, the military factor is crucial to the conduct of its foreign policy.The main conclusion of this dissertation is as follows: the armed forces and their capabilities will remain an intrinsic and crucial element of Russia’s foreign policy. Moreover, the research carried out suggests that Russia will continue to use hard power as its primary tool in attempting to shape the international order, unless it encounters firm resistance from stronger states and organisations such as the US and NATO.

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z Rogoziecka, Paulina http://hdl.handle.net/11089/54588 2025-02-11T04:15:59Z 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z

Polityka historyczna rządu Japonii a zmiany w podręcznikach szkolnych do historii. Aspekt krajowy i zagraniczny Rogoziecka, Paulina This dissertation, inspired by the frequent “textbook controversies” of Japan, aims to analyse domestic policies and politics of history of the Japanese Government between 1982-2022. It focuses on the influence of those politics on Japanese education and especially on history textbooks. Therefore the main research material is concentrated on textbooks for lower and upper secondary schools authorised by the Ministry of Education (MOE and later Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, hereafter MEXT) between the “neighbouring countries clause” issuance in 1982 and 2022 when the last researched history textbooks for upper secondary school were authorised. The dissertation also examines Japan's history policies and politics and how they were influenced by various actors in the East and Southeast Asia region.

2024-01-01T00:00:00Z Gzik, Michał http://hdl.handle.net/11089/53947 2025-01-16T14:15:57Z 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z

Determinanty współpracy miast i regionów Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej z Chinami Gzik, Michał Rozprawa doktorska analizuje subpaństwowy wymiar kontaktów między miastami i regionami Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej (EŚW) a Chińską Republiką Ludową (ChRL). Główne cele badawcze obejmują zmapowanie partnerstw, identyfikację determinantów współpracy oraz opracowanie modelu kooperacji uwzględniającego uniwersalne i specyficzne uwarunkowania tejże relacji. Praca opiera się na analizie wielopoziomowego zarządzania (MLG), koncepcji paradyplomacji oraz międzynarodowego aktorstwa miast i regionów. Wykorzystano metody jakościowe i ilościowe, w tym analizę literatury, badania ankietowe oraz studia przypadków miast takich jak Praga i Ostrów Wielkopolski. Zidentyfikowane determinanty współpracy subpaństowej podzielono na obiektywne i subiektywne, wewnętrzne i zewnętrzne, co pozwoliło na stworzenie kompleksowego modelu współpracy, który może stanowić podstawę dla dalszych badań paradyplomacji oraz relacji EŚW z Chinami. Rozprawa wypełnia lukę badawczą w zakresie międzynarodowych działań miast i regionów oraz podkreśla rosnącą rolę aktorów subpaństwowych w stosunkach międzynarodowych.; This doctoral dissertation examines the subnational dimension of contacts between cities and regions of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) and the People's Republic of China (PRC). The main research objectives include mapping partnerships, identifying determinants of cooperation, and developing a cooperation model that takes into account universal and specific conditions of this relationship. The work is based on the analysis of multi-level governance (MLG), the concept of paradiplomacy, and the international actorness of cities and regions. Qualitative and quantitative methods were used, including literature analysis, survey research, and case studies of cities such as Prague and Ostrów Wielkopolski. The identified determinants of subnational cooperation were divided into objective and subjective, internal and external, which allowed for the creation of a comprehensive model of cooperation that can serve as a basis for further research on paradiplomacy and CEE-China relations. The dissertation fills a research gap in the field of international activities of cities and regions and emphasizes the growing role of subnational actors in international relations.

2024-01-01T00:00:00Z