http://hdl.handle.net/11089/14233 2026-04-05T08:07:46Z 2026-04-05T08:07:46Z Jewtuchowicz, Aleksandra http://hdl.handle.net/11089/14245 2018-02-01T11:19:53Z 1984-01-01T00:00:00Z

Spoleczno-ekonomlczne konsekwencje uprzemysłowienia miast a korzyści zewnętrzne lokalizacji Jewtuchowicz, Aleksandra Externalities can be defined as benefits for economic units which are not the effect of their direct activity, but result from changes in the environment. They comprise both spatial/location factors i.e. location benefits, and factors not related to location, occuring in the economy and resulting from its development. For the economic units attractiveness of particular places In space must have its economic measure. Economic benefits, connected with particular location of industry, will depend on the existing development of industry i.e. on size and type of existing externalities and the possibilities of their use. One of the basic problems which must be solved is a problem of utilization of externalities to increase effectiveness of functioning of economic and settlement units. Lack of integration of Industry vs. environment and incorrect development of many Polish towns results from inabitity of towns to assimilate externalities created by industries. Many industries do not take into account external benefits and non-benefits in their calculations. Ignorance of mechanisms and interaction of externalities on development decreases its effectiveness leading to waste of means. Most of economic calculations are therefore Ineffective as well.

1984-01-01T00:00:00Z Kot, Janusz http://hdl.handle.net/11089/14236 2018-02-01T11:19:53Z 1984-01-01T00:00:00Z

Polityka urbanizacyjna w aglomeracji łódzkiej i warszawskiej Kot, Janusz The above article is an attempt at an evaluation of urban policy in two municipal agglomerations in Poland. Urban policy was evaluated through population changes occurring in sectors and development directions to which the examined agglomerations were divided In the plans of spatial development. The obtained results were compared to the indicators included In the perspective plans of development. The second field of the analysis wa3 location policy, policy of the development of industry, employment and investment. The analysis was made through comparison of the results of the studies to planning indicators and through correctness of the urban structures. Living conditions were also analysed. The analysis of the housing economy, catering and health protection was used. This situation was analysed from the point of view of the whole area and spatial differentiations within agglomerations. As the result of these studies conclussions referring to the former and future activities of the authorities in the field of urban policy were drawn. They are general to some extent and may refer to urban policy as far as all agglomerations in Poland are concerned.

1984-01-01T00:00:00Z Bury, Piotr Regulski, Jerzy http://hdl.handle.net/11089/14235 2018-02-01T11:19:54Z 1984-01-01T00:00:00Z

Koszty rozwoju miast - próba definicji i typologii Bury, Piotr; Regulski, Jerzy In such a complex system as town each change brings about a chain of successive changes in the other elements of a system. The results of these changes may be negative, including direct diseconomies, or they may bring about the necessity of counteractions which need further costs. It ie therefore necessary to take into account not only direct costs, but also other costs and diseconomies borne by other actors, i.e. social costs. In the face of the growing urbanization acceptation of such a wide definition of town development costs would result in including in this cathegory majority of costs borne by population and economic units. Therefore, there is a problem of delimitation of these costs. Complexity of costs spent on town development i.e. their different forms, time spent, subject and object differentiation makes their concise evaluation impossible. At the same time, there is a danger of treating some of the costs as a total their number, which must lead to prlmitiveness in evaluation and wrong conclusions. The above reasons resulted in an attempt to show different forms of town development costs. Following factors were taken into account: investment costs, town activity costs (i.e. their differences resulting from development), alternative costs of choice and environment costs including natural and socio-economic environment. Second part of this article is devoted to the factors influencing differentiation of town development costs i.e. characteristic features of building land, size and spatial structure of town, its functions and programme of development, threshold of development, time factor and local taxation. In the final part of the study problem of measure and evaluation of costs spent on town development Is dealt with.

1984-01-01T00:00:00Z Regulski, Jerzy http://hdl.handle.net/11089/14234 2018-02-01T11:20:03Z 1984-01-01T00:00:00Z

Wstęp Regulski, Jerzy

1984-01-01T00:00:00Z