AKTUALNE PROBLEMY MIĘDZYNARODOWYCH STOSUNKÓW GOSPODARCZYCH http://hdl.handle.net/11089/18994 2026-04-04T20:53:35Z 2026-04-04T20:53:35Z Miziołek, Tomasz http://hdl.handle.net/11089/19131 2021-07-16T08:01:32Z 2002-01-01T00:00:00Z

Rynek otwartych funduszy inwestycyjnych w Stanach Zjednoczonych Miziołek, Tomasz Mutual funds’ market is the most expanded sector of financial services in United States. Nowadays there are more than 7300 mutual funds representing a wide variety of investment objectives, from conservative to aggressive and investing in a wide range of securities. At the end of 1998, total net assets of mutual funds amounted to 5,5 trillion USD, the greater part of which (54%) was invested in stock funds. Expansion of mutual funds influences evolution of financial and capital market and in great part contributes to investment development of whole American economy. It could be impossible without confidence, which is expression of consciousness of advantages and benefits flowing from this form of investing.

2002-01-01T00:00:00Z Kuna, Aneta http://hdl.handle.net/11089/19129 2018-02-01T11:20:49Z 2002-01-01T00:00:00Z

Polityka handlowa a polityka konkurencji Kuna, Aneta There is the increasing importance of understanding the link between competition and trade policy and of exploring the gaps and problems that at present exist in the application of these policies. Trade and competition policies are closely related. Competition policy is aimed at ensuring the efficient functioning of markets by the removal or control of restrictive business practices. Trade liberalisation serves to sharpen competition in the domestic markets while barriers to trade which shelter particular domestic industries may have anti-competitive effects on national markets. It has become apparent how closely trade problems are linked with domestic industrial, regional or even macro-economic policies with which competition policy is also concerned. The purpose of this article is to examine both conditions of conflict and conditions of synergy between competition policy and the various instruments of trade policy. The article is organised in three parts. The first one discusses a range of trade policy measures, in particular non-tariff barriers from the perspective of competition policy. The second part is concerned with trade-related competition issues, i.e. those practices by enterprises or, as appropriate, by governments in their commercial activities which fall within the scope of competition policy and which have implications for international trade. The last part deals with the development of international competition policy and the pressure for and against it. It briefly examines the past efforts to reach international understandings on this issue and summarises some of the main existing laws and procedures.

2002-01-01T00:00:00Z Czernielewska, Małgorzata http://hdl.handle.net/11089/19128 2018-02-01T11:20:49Z 2002-01-01T00:00:00Z

Efekty handlowe integracji Polski z Unią Europejską Czernielewska, Małgorzata According to the theory of regional integration pioneered by J. Viner, geographically discriminatory trade liberalisation taking part in a regional integration grouping gives rise to two trade effects: trade creation and trade diversion. The author asks if it is the case as far as the Poland's association with the European Union having the form of a free trade area in industrial goods is concerncd. Next, the author looks into budgetary consequences of tariff removal in trade between Poland and the EU. Finally, the author focuses on the potential trade effects of Poland’s participation in the Single Market after having become an EU member.

2002-01-01T00:00:00Z Bogołębska, Joanna http://hdl.handle.net/11089/19127 2018-02-01T11:20:50Z 2002-01-01T00:00:00Z

Strategia bezpośredniego celu inflacyjnego w polityce NBP. Wyzwania i zagrożenia Bogołębska, Joanna The aim of the article is to prove that the question of the optimal monetary strategy is still open. In the first section, the author offers a full presentation of various monetary strategies. There are two approaches to the question. The first one assumes that the final goal (low inflation) can be reached through achieving indirect and operational goals. The second approach may be called a model - optimizing one. This approach is reflected in a direct anti-inflation strategy. The analysis leads to a conclussion that it is not possible to find an effective monetary strategy without considering institutional and economic realia. The second section is an attempt to analyze the National Bank of Poland (NBP) experience within the monetary policy pursued in 1990-1998 and after 1998, when a new body of the central bank - the Monetary Policy Council - was appointed. In the conclusion section the author emphasizes the fact that the adoption of direct inflation targeting means a necessity to pursue more transparent, flexible and more reliable monetary policy.

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