Tom dedykowany Profesorowi Andrzejowi Lechowi http://hdl.handle.net/11089/25127 2026-04-05T23:16:05Z 2026-04-05T23:16:05Z Andrzejewska, Aldona Andrzejewski, Aleksander http://hdl.handle.net/11089/29737 2021-06-21T08:31:43Z 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z

Między etnografią a archeologią doświadczalną, czyli o smaku świątecznych szynek Andrzejewska, Aldona; Andrzejewski, Aleksander One of the main problems of living human was food storage. The biggest problem was with perishable meat. So, in order to keep meat in good condition, people dried or smoked it. Smoking is a method of preserving food: meat, meat products, fish, cheese, malt, etc. by smoke. As a result of this process foods acquire a specific aroma, taste and color of the surface. The construction of the smokehouse was developed in the Middle Ages, and since then, in principle, it has not changed. The device consists of a smoking chamber, furnaces and runner smoke from the furnace to the smoking chamber. Sometimes, in the old homes, smokehouses were built directly into the chimney stove that heated the house. Then there was a description of the process of preparing homemade smoked hams. These activities included the preparation of a couple of hams. The first stage is salting. Then smoking takes place in a specially prepared smokehouse by means of smoke of plum and cherry wood.

2016-01-01T00:00:00Z Janiak, Radosław http://hdl.handle.net/11089/29736 2021-06-28T13:50:26Z 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z

Uwagi o bezpochówkowych kurhanach kultury pomorskiej na obszarze Pojezierza Kaszubskiego Janiak, Radosław Along with typical mounds, the barrow cemeteries of the Pomeranian culture that were common in the area of the Kaszuby Lake District also yielded stone structures containing no burials. Their diameters were most often smaller than in barrows covering a centrally placed burial. Moreover, the discussed structures were typically not surrounded by a stone circle marking the perimeter. In terms of form, however, they resembled barrows: they were circular in plan and had mounds, and they undoubtedly should be regarded as an integral part of a given barrow necropolis. The structures were built of stones of selected size. Larger blocks were used for the base, while the mound was raised from smaller pieces. Burial-less barrows are interpreted as structures having a symbolic meaning. A good example is site 2 at Nowa Sikorska Huta in Stężyca commune, where structures of the discussed type occupied one of the two identified zones of stone structures occurrence. In the second zone they occurred along with barrows containing burials. A similar situation was recorded in the cemetery at Żaków, site 3, in Sulęczyno commune. In this case, the structures with no burials co-occurred with typical barrows in the lowermost part of the cemetery, at the foot of a moraine hill. In the higher parts (the slope and edge of the hill), however, the discussed structures were predominant.

2016-01-01T00:00:00Z Ławrynowicz, Olgierd http://hdl.handle.net/11089/29735 2019-07-27T01:40:40Z 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z

Góra Skarzawa. Archeologiczne (i nie tylko) odkrywanie miejsca Ławrynowicz, Olgierd The article presents an example of Mount Skarzawa (near Mstów, on the north-east of Częstochowa) which has shown the cognitive potential of ethnographic interviews for the archaeological research on the recent past. Skarzawa according to the narrative of local residents was regarded as a bad place. There are many legends connected with the Skarzawa Mountain: about suicides or the calf, which haunted at night; about Polish insurgents buried here in 1863; Germans, who hid the treasure during the World War I and about the hiding Jews at the beginning of World War II. Conducted archaeological research revealed, among others: cavity containing bones of the human hand and parts of equipment of a German soldier from the World War I. It can be assumed that in the grave a soldier or a few German soldiers who died during the war were buried because of the German-Russian actions that took place around Mstów in 1914–1915. Probably the moment of burial was registered by local residents, which gave rise to stories about treasure buried by the Germans during the World War I. Probably after the war the grave was exhumed and the remains were transferred to one of the collective war cemeteries of German and Russian soldiers in the vicinity of Częstochowa.

2016-01-01T00:00:00Z Kajzer, Leszek http://hdl.handle.net/11089/29733 2019-07-27T01:40:37Z 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z

O długim trwaniu, czyli o kilku dworach z terenu Sieradzkiego Kajzer, Leszek The focus of this article are medieval and modern manor houses from the area of the Sieradz Land, which is a historical region in the central Poland. For the author the “manor houses” are not only the buildings, but also an important manifestation of the long-term historical processes – the tradition of locating the manor house in the center of a large property. Forms of the manor houses changed through the centuries. The latemedieval “fortified manors” were often built as towers on the moated earthen mounds. In modern times, comfort became more important than safety. These architectural changes reflect also the transformation of the medieval chivalry in the landed gentry. In article 12 towns and villages are analyzed. Thanks to the researches of historians and archaeologists the transformation of manor houses can be observed from the breakthrough of the13th to the 14th century until the breakthrough of the 19th to the 20th. The author believes that the research on the gradual transformation of the manor buildings, from the chivalry fortified house to the comfortable seats of gentry, is more interesting than focusing on the analysis of the monument preserved to this day, which is the last one in the series of described transformations.

2016-01-01T00:00:00Z