http://hdl.handle.net/11089/25129 2026-04-05T19:20:17Z 2026-04-05T19:20:17Z Pieńczak, Agnieszka http://hdl.handle.net/11089/35508 2021-05-14T01:27:18Z 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z

Metoda etnogeograficzna w badaniach atlasowych ośrodka wrocławskiego i cieszyńskiego – kontynuacja i zmiana Pieńczak, Agnieszka The ethnogeographic method consists in applying the data concerning spatial differentiation of cultural artifacts and drawing the conclusions from the location, intensity, typology and mutual relations of these phenomena. This allows for elaborated research into their past as regards the chronology and dynamics of change. In the post-war period the ethnogeographic method became particularly useful for the studies of the Polish Ethnographic Atlas, which were originally conducted in the Wrocław section of the PEA (since 1953 supervised by Józef Gajek and since 1972 – by Janusz Bohdanowicz). After moving the atlas section to Cieszyn in 1998, the assumptions of the ethnogeographic method have been constantly modified under Zygmunt Kłodnicki’s supervision. Methodological changes involve map construction, modification of techniques and the shape of publications within the series ‘Commentaries to the Polish Ethnographic Atlas”. This enables an appropriate presentation of various forms of traditional culture and, at the same time, more precise formulation of conclusions concerning the genesis, permanence and disappearance of the investigated phenomena.

2011-01-01T00:00:00Z Jarno, Witold http://hdl.handle.net/11089/35507 2021-06-29T07:28:02Z 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z

Udział okręgów wojskowych w akcjach rolnych w pierwszych latach po zakończeniu II wojny światowej (1945–1948) Jarno, Witold The article describes the participation of military districts in agricultural campaigns in the first years after ending The Second World War. The main role in these actions played military districts situated in the western and northern Poland, because they included the former German grounds. They were ruined in the result of war and robbery Soviet politics, and also in the considerable part deserted. Polish people began just to arrive on the these grounds, therefore after war was necessary commitment to agricultural works soldiers of the Polish armed forces. They played the important part in the process of the polonization of the northern and western grounds. They also contributed to quicker developing those grounds. The fundamental role in this range played soldiers of Varsovian, Pomeranian, Poznan and Silesian Military Districts. In remaining military districts, the commitment of the army to agricultural works was considerably smaller. The army participated in various agricultural works, for example: sowing, ploughing and harvest, also gave the help military settlers. In the first postwar years the soldiers of the Polish Army also took part in actions connected with collecting of obligatory deliveries, what met with reluctance among the country population. In this operations participated the soldiers of all military districts, but this time – the most difficult task rested on military districts situated in the eastern and southern Poland, where was the strongest support for the Polish independence underground.

2011-01-01T00:00:00Z Lesiakowski, Krzysztof http://hdl.handle.net/11089/35506 2022-01-19T10:25:01Z 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z

Praca kulturalno-oświatowa w jednostkach Powszechnej Organizacji „Służba Polsce” (1948–1956) – założenia i realizacja Lesiakowski, Krzysztof One of the statutory assignment of Common Organization “Sluzba Polsce” (1948–1955) was to force masses of youth, especially those from countryside, to go on a large building projects of the 6-year plan. Simultaneously, units of this organization (detachments and brigades) were bringing about a “new type” of human being. Important tasks related to this problem, relied on properly directed educational and cultural activities. It was attempted to achieve throughout popularization of reading books and papers, growth of artistic and educational work in special common room groups, listening radio broadcasts, displaying films and organizing excursions etc. Unfortunately, in practice, the possibility of youth cultural and mental development through Common Organization “Sluzba Polsce”, excluding struggle with illiteracy, was wasted. Papers and books full of Stalinism propaganda didn’t draw youth’s attention. Unprepared personnel was unable to improve artistic activity in common rooms. Moreover, primacy of production tasks effected that units of Common Organization “Sluzba Polsce” didn’t have enough time to organize excursions or more interesting for young people movie-shows.

2011-01-01T00:00:00Z Dubicki, Andrzej http://hdl.handle.net/11089/35505 2021-05-14T01:27:24Z 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z

Zarys „problematyki chłopskiej” w Rumunii przed 1914 rokiem Dubicki, Andrzej The so-called „peasant cause” was characteristic for Kingdom of Romania in the late 19th and early 20th century. It was based upon the late development of serfdom in Romanian principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia, which became popular only about 1820 in connection with new trade possibilities, allowing the direct export of grain and other agricultural goods to the Western Europe. Earlier it was possible only with Ottoman agency which was naturally unprofitable. “Peasant cause” became extremely actual after the Union of both principalities in 1861, and since this time has been often connected with question of “popular vote”. The first, but limited agricultural reform took place in 1864, and again was extended in 1889 as an answer for peasant uprising. Finally both questions: agricultural and voting were concluded after the Great War in 1919 (introduction of popular vote), and 1921 (final agricultural reform in Romania).

2011-01-01T00:00:00Z