http://hdl.handle.net/11089/19545 RYNEK PRACY I BEZROBOCIE 2026-04-05T08:34:42Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/19562 Wstęp Mortimer-Szymczak, Halina 1995-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/19561 Aneks statystyczny. Komentarz Mortimer-Szymczak, Halina Tablice sporządzili: M. Lisiecki 1-5; I. Kukulak-Dolata 6-10, 17, 18; E. Kryńska 11-16; J. Florczak-Bywalec 19-24; E. Sadowska-Kowalska 25-26. Ilustracja graficzna: A. Dąbrowski, Z. Każmierczak. 1995-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/19560 Polityka kształcenia jako środek przeciwdziałający bezrobociu. Z doświadczeń RFN Sadowska-Kowalska, Ewa The measures of counteracting unemployment among youth are a part of a general set of measures aimed at counteracting unemployment in the whole economy. A specific measure of the fight against unemployment of young people is the education policy, including preparation for a job. Between the school and the work young people meet barriers, which they have to overcome. The first threshold is a transition from general secondary schools to the system of vocational training (acquiring occupational qualifications), and the second threshold is a transition from the vocational training system to the employment system (getting jobs). In overcoming both obstacles, assistance can be provided by the education policy and the employment policy owing to measures remaining at their disposal. The areas of operation of the education and the employment policies are shown in Fig 2. The instruments applied in West Germany, which allow to coordinate the instruments remaining at the disposal of both these policies have been presented in the article in two groups: as institutional tools and as specific tools of the education policy. The latter have been analyzed in four groups: general tools in relation to young people who have not completed vocational education, in the process of vocational training and in relation to its graduates, and to the system of higher education and its graduates. The process of transformation has encompassed also the education system. An example here could be the economy of the former GDR. On this example there is discussed the role of instruments of the education policy in the process of changes. 1995-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/19559 Istota i funkcje instytucji pośrednictwa pracy Kukulak-Dolata, Iwona Numerous institutions dealing with providing assistance for job seekers could be distinguished in practice. They differ with regard to goals being accomplished by them and ways of their organization. Some of them have a character of voluntary associations, others are organs of the state administration, and still others are typical commercial institutions. The analysis in this article is focused on distict employment agencies. This does not mean that only they should act as middlemen between an employer and an employee, and this solve the main problems of the labour market. At the time of growing disproportions between labour demand and supply there is also a demand for other institutions, which could satisfy needs of employers and jobless persons by means of different methods and measures, and which simultaneously could assist general employment agencies. In our opinion, district employment agencies are today the main institution able to provide assistance for the unemployed. That ensues directly from the goal of their activity which is ensuring appropriate jobs for people and employees for work establishments and from functions realized by them, i.e. informative, advisory, correctional, interventional, and welfare functions. The last of them predominantes in all employment agencies and, consequently, it does not allow them to conduct active forms ol job placements. Through accomplishing the welfare function an employment agency becomes an institutions of protective type. The article discusses also solutions adopted in the Western countries in the field of job placement. The Polish employment agencies could benefit from adopting some solutions of these countries. However, adopting such solutions there should be remembered different organizational, technical and personnel conditions of Polish employment agencies, which pose a barrier to the remodelling of such institutions in Poland. 1995-01-01T00:00:00Z