http://hdl.handle.net/11089/6254 RYNEK PRACY I BEZROBOCIE 2026-04-05T19:42:23Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/6305 Aspekt sektoralny zmian strukturalnych w gospodarce Niemiec Dąbrowski, Adam The economic practice shows that development processes in particular economies are characterized by constant structural changes both within particular regions and sectors. It proves that structural changes are not only an inseparable element accompanying economic growth but quite often a condition of positive changes in the economy taking place in its growth process. There exists a number of theoretical conceptions explaining causes of structural changes both in the sectorial and regional approach. In this article an attempt was made to present a three-sectorial hypothesis of structural changes on the basis of empirical data concerning the Federal Republic of Germany. The performed analysis shows that in the development process of Germany’s economy there took place an evolution not only in the economy structure in its intersectorial aspect but also in the structure of particular sectors. The changes discussed in the article are a typical phenomenon for most highly developed countries. Their characteristic feature is the fact that these processes both as regards their scope and sequence of their stages display many similarities in most countries. The growing or the declining role of paticular sectors within the economy is characterized by numerous causalities, with the most important of them being a mutual correlation between particular stages and level of development attained by a given country. The analysis of structural changes on the example of Germany leads to the conclusion that the Germany experience, as well as the experience of other Western countries, can be helpful in forecasting these processes in Poland. 1997-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/6302 Przekształcenia w sektorze komunalnym Wojciechowski, Eugeniusz The article analyzes the transformations occurring within the communal sector. These transformations have different aspects and include ownership, economic-financial and organizational changes. A special attention in the article is paid to a still controversial issue concerning the economic activity of administrative districts, creation of market conditions, economization of local self-government’s activity, system of regulations, privatization, transformation of previous communal enterprises, and models of communal services provision. The transformations within communal sector are forced out by many factors including, first of all, the necessity of adapting changes in the economy controlled by the local self-government to the requirements and principles of a market economy. 1997-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/6295 Przekształcenia strukturalne gospodarki województwa łódzkiego (1989-1993) Zajdel, Mirosław The transition from a centrally planned lo a market economy produces many changes of both local and national character. In the present systemic transformations in Poland, the role of the Lodz Administrative Province undergoes an evolution. It calls for structural changes in the economy aimed to increasing its effectiveness and adapting it to new market conditions. This article presents structural transformations in the economy of the Lodz Province, as well as concepts of restructuring it. The author points at the main factors of transformations and analyzes changes in the sectorial branch structure (employment and sales) and in the ownership structure. The main characteristics of these transformations include a relatively stabilized position held by industry within this region and a growing role of services. An interresling phenomenon is also a rapid growth of employment in the private sector. I t should be noted here that the process of structural transformations is by its very nature a long-term phenomenon and at the present time it is in its continuation phase. 1997-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/6292 Efektywność pośrednictwa pracy w latach 1990-1993 (na przykładzie województwa łódzkiego) Kukulak-Dolata, Iwona The article analyzes the effectiveness of employment agencies system operating in the Lodz Administrative Province in the years 1990-1993. We interpret this system as a set of activities and measures used by local employment agencies to find jobs for persons seeking them and appropriate employees for enterprises. The system in question is perceived very broadly by us, as it includes activities allowing the unemployed to use directly the offer of available jobs, as well as indirect measures creating an opportunity of finding temporary jobs (intervention and public works, additional places of work) or create a chance for finding a job through training and financial assistance (loans). Our survey was focussed on he effectiveness of indirect measures. It shows that the most effective measures were intervention works and training programmes, as they offered the best opportunities for the unemployed and, moreover, their cost was lower than costs of the remaining forms of assistance. They also created the biggest oportunities for the so-called permanent reactivation of jobless persons. During the analyzed period, we observed a growing activeness of employment agencies on local labour markets. This process means that more and more jobless persons could get jobs owing to the activity of employment agencies. It is our opinion, however, that the effectiveness of employment agencies in the Lodz Province was low, which was due to poor performance of local economic units, financial, personnel and technical problems of employment agencies. Without trying to undermine, to any extent, the importance of above mentioned forms of counteracting unemployment, it should be said that they can play only an auxiliary and supplementary role in eliminating this phenomenon, while the main role will be played by the economic growth strategy for the whole country and for this administrative province. 1997-01-01T00:00:00Z