http://hdl.handle.net/11089/6370 2026-04-05T07:05:20Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/6793 Ewolucja doktryny ekonomicznej SPD Poborski, Mieczysław The article consists of two parts. In the first part — on the basis of the official documents of the Socio-Democratic Party of Germany — the author performs an analysis of the evolution of the economic concepts of this party to be partly supplemented in the second part by the analysis of views of the leading theoretician of the Socio-Democratic Party of Germany — K. Schiller. The analysis of the documents of this party, starting with the radical slogans of K. Schumacher in the initial manifesto ,,Sozialismus — eine Gegenwarstaufgabe", reveals a distinctly rightist trend, which already brought fruit in „Grundsatzprogram" published in 1959 to find its culminating point in „Orientierungsrahmen" approved by the party congress in Mannheim in 1975. The evolution of this party consists in — as the author concludes — constant deviation from the Marxism and orientation at pragmatism and pluralism in the Weltanschauung. The model analysis contained in the already mentioned K. Schiller's work on „Sozialismus und Wettbewerb" seems to be theoretically more prolific. It may provide a certain inspiration — although certainly not a guideline — for discussions carried here at present on the Polish model of socialism, and this at least may justify the advisability of preparing this article. 1982-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/6786 Problematyka przemian ekonomicznych w myśli Socjalistycznej Partii Austrii Spychalski, Gedymin Starting with an introductory discussion introducing the most essential terminological definitions — the author of this article continues the analysis of the subject in two consecutive stages. And thus, after presentation of the present state of studies, he proceeds to discussion of general ideological problems of the Socialist Party of Austria applying a chronological approach to its mare important programme declarations to be followed next by illustration of detailed views on definite problems of development of the socialist society voiced by selected writers — Social Democrats: Günther Nenning and Norbert Leser. The example of the Social-Democracy of Austria — taking as a basis the official statements and declarations of this party as a whole being publicized in the fundamental programme documents — allows to reveal a rather explicit breach with Marxism, the shaping of the revisionism phenomenon, which at least formally never ceases to assume the label of Marxism. And especially "The New Vienna Programme" published towards the end of the fifties (1958) is treated as a kind of summary of a peculiar evolution „towards the right side", which the Austrial Social- Democracy undergoes: from the ideology of a still relatively working-class movement with a certain orientation towards the class struggle to the concept of the social solidarism and ideo logical pluralism of the so-called „open" socialism deviating clearly from the socialism of the Marxist type. The same attempt at constructing the model of the "open" socialism excluding the class struggle and based on the ideology of reconciliation and solidarism determined by principles of the catholic ethics, and hence in the final account an attempt at the Weltanchauung-religious orientation of the humanism proper for the socialism — will become a pivot of Nenning's analyses already in the sixties — or to a lesser extent, of Leser being more critical towards the Catholocism. With both these authors the frequently repeated warnings against all forms of monopolization of life, against concentration of the economic power leading to undesirable expansion of political influence and negation of the freedom of the individual development — supplement the measure of criticism. A violent criticism, as it is underlined, in this article of both fascism, many elements of the capitalism with its policy of „force" as well as of some distortions in the socialist economy, excessive centralism of the state administration, bureaucratism, etc. In the final conclusions the author stresses once again the reformisfic character of the ideology of the Socialist Party of Austria, which distinctly assumes different forms of convergence processes, i.e. assuming the same degree of transformation for both the socialist and capitalist socio-political systems. 1982-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/6785 Problemy rozwoju ekonomicznego w myśli labourzystowskiej Kwiatkowski, Eugeniusz The article contains a presentation of the views of the labourist thought on the economic development problems. The basic source of materials was provided, on one hand, by the post-war official documents of the Labour Party (programmes, declarations, and election manifestos), and on the other hand, by works of two labourist theoreticians and namely of Richard H. S. Crossman and John Strachey. The object of the analysis are widely understood developmental problems concerning both the attitude taken by the labourist thought with respect to development oi so c ialist states, and its own theoretical concepts of development. An integral element of these concepts is the attitude to capitalism and the attitude towards the essence of socialism. A special emphasis is laid on the evolution of attitudes concerning these problems. The author performs an analysis of not only the views on the above problems as contained in the official documents of the Labour Party, and in the works of R. H. S. Crossman and J. Strachey but he a lso makes an attempt at their confrontation. Unlike the majority of previous works dealing with the labourist thought in the Polish literature of the subject the author places an emphasis on the positive presentation of views although he does not avoid a general assessment of these views either. 1982-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/6784 Poglądy ekonomiczne socjalistów francuskich (1956 - 1962) Piątkowski, Wiesław The basic source of materials for this analysis was provided by „La Revue Socialiste" (theoretical organ of the French Section of the International Socialist Movement) presenting not only publicistic materials but also articles prepared by the Group of Doctrinal Studies (Groupe d'Etudes Doctrinales), and programme enunciations. The author discusses different trends in the discussion on the doctrine of the French Section of the International Socialist Movement to confront them next with draft projects of programmes for 1959— 1960 and with the fundamental programme from 1962. These comparisons are supplemented by a brief analysis of the Declaration of Principles of the French Section of the International Socialist Movement from 1946. The article deals mainly with the programme assumptions of the French socialists (the positive idea of socialism) and their views on developmental trends of the capitalist system in the contemporary era. Its final fragments are devoted to the discussion of the French socialists opinions on economic structures of the really existing socialism and on the international economic relations as a factor of the socialism development on the world scale. 1982-01-01T00:00:00Z