http://hdl.handle.net/11089/35228 Sun, 05 Apr 2026 14:13:33 GMT 2026-04-05T14:13:33Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/38109 Kształtowanie i wykorzystanie zatrudnienia w gospodarce komunalnej (uwagi badawcze) Wojciechowski, Eugeniusz The article contains research remarks concerning the analysis of employment in the municipal economy. There are included in it: a justification for the necessity of focussing more attention on these problems in research, its determinants, and main directions of conducted analytical studies. Employment in the municipal economy has its specific characteristics connected with the very nature and conditions of municipal activities. The present trends in employment point at numerous unfavourable tendencies undermining the functioning and further development of the municipal economy. A part of remarks in this article are also of a methodological character. Mon, 01 Jan 1990 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11089/38109 1990-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/38108 Metodologiczne problemy badania proefektywnościowych uwarunkowań funkcjonowania przedsiębiorstw użyteczności publicznej Bogus, Andrzej; Wojciechowski, Eugeniusz; Szablewski, Andrzej The article presents an attempt at describing main methodological assumptions and directions of studies on effectiveness of the functioning of specific economic units such as public utility enterprises. It consists of two parts. The first part discusses general principles of the functioning of public utility enterprises, and the second part - possible pragmatic directions of studies in main spheres of activity of these enterprises. A basic thesis linking these two parts is a conviction that despite freeing these enterprises from a requirement of self-financing and recognition of superiority of social goals over economic effects, it is possible to employ effectiveness-promoting mechanisms forcing out an indispensable rationality in using factors of production. While formulating the assumptions of a pragmatic programme of empirical studies there were described in greater detail the following spheres of the functioning of these enterprises: system of subsidies, system of prices, independence in allocations, and system of motivations. Mon, 01 Jan 1990 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11089/38108 1990-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/38081 Przedsiębiorstwo użyteczności publicznej jako przedmiot badań Szablewski, Andrzej T. The article aims at ordering the research area such as this specific form of organization of economic activity. It analyzes main characteristics of a public utility enterprise and outlines main research directions ensuing from it, and in their framework it presents some problems, around which a theoretical reflection taking for its point of departure just this institution of economic life may develop. The leading idea of the article is a thesis that different paths of development of such an Institution as public utility enterprises and different ensuing models of its functioning in economic practice account for coexistence of two, largely differing research perspectives, from which the problem of mechanism of the functioing of these enterprises is approached and analyzed. Mon, 01 Jan 1990 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11089/38081 1990-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/38065 Kierunki badania kosztów opieki zdrowotnej Rydlewska-Liszkowska, Izabela Problems concerning studies on costs of health services receive an increasingly bigger attention among economists. Simultaneously, these problems constitute one of research directions in a comparatively new scientific discipline health economies. The world literature of the subject contains many concepts as regards analysis of health care costs. Some of them have been presented in this article. The studies are focused on the problem of choice among various variants of providing health services. That is due to the fact that research procedures are based on existence of alternative health care forms differing from one another in costs incurred for them and similar from the viewpoint of medical effectiveness. The most popular techniques adopted for examination of costs in the world are cost-benefit and cos t-effectiveness analyses type. Meanwhile, in Poland studies on costs are at their initial stage and they require constant work on research methods. This creates a necessity of verifying in practice the accepted theoretical solutions. Mon, 01 Jan 1990 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11089/38065 1990-01-01T00:00:00Z