http://hdl.handle.net/11089/6232 Obsługa produkcyjna i konsumpcyjna wsi Sat, 04 Apr 2026 20:12:04 GMT 2026-04-04T20:12:04Z https://dspace.uni.lodz.pl:443/bitstream/id/580da71f-c392-4b8d-bc4c-3d292c5b341c/ http://hdl.handle.net/11089/6232 http://hdl.handle.net/11089/6253 Zachowanie się rolników jako producentów i konsumentów (implikacje ekonomiczne i społeczne) Dietl, Jerzy The aim of this article is to analyze behavior of private farmers as producers and consumers and also show some economic and social consequences of this behavior. The author puts forward some suggestions concerning changes in the market and institutional environment of the private agricultural sector in Poland. In the adjustment process, the agricultural farm faces different constraints from those encountered by socialized economic units. These constraints become visible on the side of supply, demand, financial feeding and motivation to raise the volume of agricultural output. Demand, which in the economics of shortages does not represent any major constraint for enterprises, poses a certain constraint for agricultural farms even though they do not come across any bigger difficulties in selling their output. It is a result of the local character of the selling process, compulsory forms employed in contracting agricultural produce and its tied sales with provision of industrial goods and services for agricultural as well as the monopolistic position held by the state purchaser. Constraints in supply are of a hard character as a result of considerable shortages in supplies of industrial goods and services for agriculture. Despite this, the adaptability of private farms is much greater than that of other economic units. Negative effects of shortages in supplies become cumulated. A typology has been performed on behavior of farmers according to utility of industrial goods and services for agriculture as attributed by them, and numerous conclusions have been formulated with regard to ways of improving industrial supplies for agricultural production. In as much as budgetary constraints in socialized enterprises are of a soft character they are of a hard character in private agricultural farms with the price representing an external element in relation to the farm. The previously pursued price« and taxation policies sire initialized and changes in this area proposed. While discussing constraints imposed by insufficient motivation of farmers to raise their output there are stressed absence of conditions for satisfaction of economic aspirations; social and economic threats faced by the institution of peasant farming; difficulties in satisfying farmers’ propensity to consumption; their awareness of wastage low quality of life in the village and pejorative status of the farmer's profession in the social awareness. Tue, 01 Jan 1985 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11089/6253 1985-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/6247 Rozmieszczenie i funkcjonowanie usług bytowych i handlu detalicznego na wsi w woj. skierniewickim Kopias, Andrzej; Zrobek, Janusz The article presents results of studies on location of the network of retail trade and consumer services with a special emphasis laid on its spatial concentration, demand for services and population's preferences as regards location of consumer goods and services purchases. Most data were provided by questionnaire surveys on rural population with an additional source of information being data coming from records of retail trade and service units in 12 analyzed administrative communes. The performed studies revealed a considerable underdevelopment of these spheres of activity in rural areas of Skierniewice administrative province. It is visible in many aspects out of which there should be mentioned, first of all absence or big quantitative disproportions in spatial distribution of retail and service network, shortcomings in location of the network as regards its types of units and branch structure. In many cases it leads to restriction of demand (especially for consumer services) or poses big difficulties in satisfaction of this demand oftentimes exposing consumers to many difficulties, waste of their time, and additional costs. In the final part of the article, the authors formulated several conclusions concerning desirable directions of operation of economic units in conditions of the economic crisis, and especially as regards rural trade cooperatives. Tue, 01 Jan 1985 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11089/6247 1985-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/6237 Obsługa handlowa w kontekście przestrzennego zróżnicowania funkcji obszarów wiejskich Zrobek, Janusz The article is an attempt at utilization of spatial differentiation in economic functions performed by rural areas as a prerequisite for development of trade aervioes in villages. Utilization and promotion of functions being specific for a given region is of fundamental lmportanoo for decisions concerning provision of industrial and consumer goods and services in long timeperiods as there appears a phenomenon of spatially differentiated conditions for development of trade services. Practical utilization of functions performed by rural areas as a oriterion in market segmentation is connected with determination of spatial differentiation of villages. To this end, the author employed a typology of rural areas based on variables defining basic economic functions and their impact. This typology allows to distinguish areas similar to one another with regard to combination of particular funotions in relation to which similar activities can be undertaken. Withln the framework of regions similar to one another with rogard to their socio-economlo character, general prinoiplea of provision of trade services may be similar as well. On the other hand, considerable differentiation of rural structures is synonymous with big possibilities of applying numerous detailed solutions. Tue, 01 Jan 1985 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11089/6237 1985-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/6236 Ocena egzo- i endogenicznych warunków działania sfery produkcyjnej obsługi rolnictwa Gregor, Bogdan There generally prevails a conviction, which is supported by results of empirical studies, about a smaller Influence - than might be expected - of the sphere of industrial services for agriculture on its overall development. The main cause of this situation seems to be undercapitalization of service centers. On the other hand, some other circumstances - equally important in our opinion - seem to pass unnoticed. They include not always spatially effective location of productive capacities at the disposal of agricultural service centers, lack of adaptation of servicing organization and its forms to differentiated conditions of the Polish agriculture and ineffectiveness of economic instrumental employed in steering service operations for agriculture. Any improvement in functioning of the agricultural services network call, first of all, for familiarity with a growing numbers of variables in the environment affecting the conditions in which institutions providing agricultural services operate. Only then will it be possible to increase adaptability degree of service units to changes taking place in agriculture. The article presents an attempt at analysis of endo- and exogenous factors determining conditions in whioh the sphere of agricultural servioefl operates. Against this background, the author evaluated the state of industrial services for agriculture mainly from the point of view of adjusting them to the spatially differentiated socio-economic structure of villages. The analysis was based on extensive Information coming both from primary and secondary data sources. Especially valuable proved to be results of questionnaire survey carried out among 1,114 agricultural farms located in 11 villages in three administrative provinces of Czestochowa, Opole, and Sieredz in summer 1976. The performed analysis allowed to formulate many generalizations both of cognitive and pragmatic character. The sphere of production services for agriculture - in its present form - represents along with industries manufacturing goods for agricultural production the main obstacle to development of Poland’s food economy. The capacities possessed by services centers are already quite big today but they are only partly oriented at provision of services for agriculture. The previous policy of their spatial location gives rise to many doubts as it led to deepening of territorial disproportions in equipment of agriculture with capital goods. In the market for agricultural aorviues there prevails an oligopsonistio situation which assumes a form of virtual monopoly in the case of the macrosegment of private ft.ro,b (as buyers of services). The danger of this situation for the private farmer is further intensified by accelerated process of spatial concentration of services The performed studies revealed existence of many vnrlnbles (quantitative and qualitative, economic and non-economics) differentiating demand of private farms for agricultural services. There variables should constitute criteria in market segmentation, which would allow service enterprises to adopt a strategy of their operation based on market segmentation. Tue, 01 Jan 1985 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11089/6236 1985-01-01T00:00:00Z