http://hdl.handle.net/11089/6279 TERYTORIALNE I EKOLOGICZNE ASPEKTY ROZWOJU GOSPODARCZEGO Sun, 05 Apr 2026 00:32:58 GMT 2026-04-05T00:32:58Z https://dspace.uni.lodz.pl:443/bitstream/id/dcc69551-775b-43a6-9124-15a29cc0c95d/ http://hdl.handle.net/11089/6279 http://hdl.handle.net/11089/7382 Ekonomiczno-prawne podstawy funkcjonowania i rozwoju gminy - wybrane problemy Nowakowska, Aleksandra The socio-economic transformation started in the years 1989-1990 introduced the rules o f market game and decentralization o f the State management. One of elements o f these changes was revival of the local self-government at the level o f administrative districts in Poland. The role and place held by the local self-government in the structure o f public power underwent major changes. This article is an attempt at an analysis of chosen legal-economic foundations o f the self-government operation and possibilities of stimulating the development o f administrative districts. There are discussed in it the system o f state management, the allocation o f tasks and powers among various organs the state and self-government administration, foundations o f the self-government’s economic autonomy, i.e. district funds and assets, as well as spatial planning as an instrument allowing to stimulate the local development. Wed, 01 Jan 1997 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11089/7382 1997-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/6307 Uwarunkowania rozwoju małych gmin Stawasz, Danuta The self-government reform initiated by the elections of district self-government authorities (27th May 1990) marked also the beginning of changes in the field of management in the administrative districts in Poland. The local government chosen through the democratic elections assumed a real control over the area of its responsibility. It is responsible before the voters both for the accomplishment of its statutory tasks (environment protection, satisfaction of public needs of local inhabitants, rational use of local resources, etc.) but also for promotion of socio-economic processes within a given district. The Polish administrative districts are extremely differentiated. Alongside large cities such as, for example, Warsaw or Łódź, there can be found small and very small districts with less than 10,000 population. In this article there are discussed factors determining the restructuring processes in small administrative districts. These factors were identified by means of surveys carried out in over 70 small districts in the administrative provinces of Radom, Łódź and Piotrków. Generally, the biggest constraint for the development of small districts are their insufficient technical infrastructure (roads, telecommunications, water-sewage systems) and lack of financial resources for construction and modernization of technical infrastructure facilities. T he other group of factors determining the development of administrative districts is of organizational character and connected with the management process. T he identification of factors determining the socio-economic development in small districts of Poland may pave the way for reducing or even eliminating various barriers to their development. Wed, 01 Jan 1997 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11089/6307 1997-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/6306 Uwarunkowania transferu technologii do małych firm przemysłowych (na przykładzie regionu łódzkiego) Stawasz, Edward A great importance played by innovations and technical standards of firms for their competitiveness and market position makes it necessary to ensure a constant inflow of new technologies and know-how by them. This situation concerns also small firms, which due to limited financial resources and research and development capacities cannot afford to introduce their own products or innovations. Hence, an effective transfer of technology becomes an important element in the growth strategy of small firms and it determines their competitiveness both in relation to large firms and other small firms. The article discusses main determinants of technology transfer to small firms operating in the Łódź Region. Various studies indicate that the main constraints in this field are: unavailability of sufficient information about places where new technologies are developed, lack of the adaptation of technologies to small business requirements, too high costs of developing new technologies, and shortage of funds for investments involving the introduction of new technology. For the technology transfer to small firms to be improved it is necessary to adopt a whole range of organizational, legal, informational and financial solutions such as establishing centres of information and counselling, intermediary institutions dealing with technology trade, business support and innovation centres, venture capital funds, and so on. I t seems that an important role in these activities should be played by the regional and municipal authorities. Wed, 01 Jan 1997 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11089/6306 1997-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11089/6304 Ochrona krajobrazu a ochrona środowiska Wiśniewska, Weronika The landscape protection law is limited only to areas with unique values. Meanwhile, the landscape is everywhere - the landscape is the space surrounding us. Without expanding legal regulations it will be impossible to protect effectively or control this space. The landscape is perceived as the space for development and not as a good of fundamental importance for the quality of life. The article deals with the analysis of real possibilities of the landscape protection basing on the legal regulations pertaining to the protection and control of environment. Wed, 01 Jan 1997 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11089/6304 1997-01-01T00:00:00Z