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Wastewater as a Driver of Heavy Metal Pollution in River Catchments – a study of possible scenarios

dc.contributor.authorMatuszewska, Dominika
dc.contributor.authorKiedrzyńska, Edyta
dc.contributor.authorHarnisz, Monika
dc.contributor.authorKiedrzyński, Marcin
dc.date.accessioned2025-10-09T07:52:53Z
dc.date.available2025-10-09T07:52:53Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11089/56446
dc.description.abstractHeavy metal pollution is one of the main problems of the Baltic Sea, caused by the inflow of large loads with river waters. Heavy metals can enter rivers i.a. from point sources such as wastewater treatment plants and industrial plants with inadequately-treated wastewater. The present article examines (i) the impact of WWTPs and industrial facilities on the pollution of the Pilica River, (ii) heavy metal loads along its continuum, and (iii) the identification of common pollution patterns in wastewater and river water, and the effect of their physicochemical properties. Among WWTPs, the highest heavy metal concentrations are generated by the smallest plants, and the highest loads by the largest ones, which is related to the size of their flow. In addition, industrial plants are significant sources of point pollution of rivers, with arsenic, tin, zinc, cobalt, copper, molybdenum, nickel, lead, chromium, mercury and barium being detected in wastewater. The most common heavy metal in the Pilica was found to be Barium, with the highest loads observed in winter (66.29-216.98 kg/day). In addition to Ba, depending on the season, arsenic, copper and nickel were also detected. The article takes an innovative approach employing two data calculation variants, which allowed for a comprehensive analysis that captured both typical and less predictable scenarios of river pollution. It also presents an example of modification of the sedimentation-filtration system as a sustainable solution for removing heavy metals from treated wastewater.pl_PL
dc.description.sponsorshipThe research was conducted as part of the Farmikro Project, funded entirely by the National Science Centre, Poland, Opus 22 (Project No. 2021/43/B/ST10/01076).pl_PL
dc.language.isoenpl_PL
dc.rightsUznanie autorstwa 4.0 Międzynarodowe*
dc.rightsUznanie autorstwa 4.0 Międzynarodowe*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/*
dc.subjectheavy metalspl_PL
dc.subjectwastewaterpl_PL
dc.subjectwastewater treatment plantspl_PL
dc.subjectindustrial plantspl_PL
dc.subjectriver catchmentpl_PL
dc.subjectecohydrologypl_PL
dc.titleWastewater as a Driver of Heavy Metal Pollution in River Catchments – a study of possible scenariospl_PL
dc.typePreprintpl_PL
dc.page.number49pl_PL
dc.contributor.authorAffiliationUniversity of Lodz, Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jana Matejki 21/23, 90-237 Lodz, Polandpl_PL
dc.contributor.authorAffiliationEuropean Regional Centre for Ecohydrology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Tylna 3, 90-364 Lodz, Polandpl_PL
dc.contributor.authorAffiliationUniversity of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, UNESCO Chair on Ecohydrology and Applied Ecology, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Polandpl_PL
dc.contributor.authorAffiliationUniversity of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Department of Water Protection Engineering and Environmental Microbiology, Prawocheńskiego 1 Str., 10-720 Olsztyn, Polandpl_PL
dc.contributor.authorAffiliationUniversity of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of Biogeography, Paleoecology and Nature Conservation, Banacha 1/3, 90-237 Lodz, Polandpl_PL
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dc.contributor.authorEmaild.matuszewska@erce.unesco.lodz.plpl_PL
dc.contributor.authorEmaile.kiedrzynska@erce.unesco.lodz.plpl_PL
dc.disciplinenauki biologicznepl_PL
dc.disciplinenauki o Ziemi i środowiskupl_PL


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