Biologia i ekologia Epipactis helleborine (L.) Crantz (Orchidaceae) na siedliskach naturalnych i antropogenicznych

Abstract

The Epipactis helleborine is one of the species from Orchidaceae family pervious of apophytism process. Aims of the study: The aims of the study was to investigate the questions: a) determine the phenotypic variability of E. helleborine in natural and anthropogenic habitats, b) identify similarities and differences between populations of E. helleborine in natural and anthropogenic habitats, c) determine the dominant life strategy of E. helleborine in anthropogenic habitats Study area: The study was conducted from 2011 to 2013. I observed 8 populations of E. heleborine: 4 from natural habitats and 4 from anthropogenic habitats. Study sites were located in three different geographic regions: the Białowieża Primeval Forest, Central Poland, Lower Silesia Conclusions: a) high phenotypic plasticity of E. helleborine is an adaptive strategy to new habitats, b) features such as; size of the seeds, size of label and sculpture have a high variability level shouldn’t be used as a taxonomic diagnosis feature c) in the studied populations of E. helleborine dominates vegetative propagation, d) E. helleborine has a wide tolerance of the content of humus and minerals.