Przegląd Nauk Historycznych 2011, R. X, nr 1http://hdl.handle.net/11089/36882024-03-28T13:31:32Z2024-03-28T13:31:32ZDziedzictwo kulturowe łódzkich Żydów i jego rola w rozwoju współczesnej Łodzi i regionu łódzkiegoCudny, WaldemarKubiak, EwaRouba, Rafałhttp://hdl.handle.net/11089/39192021-07-09T09:28:59Z2011-01-01T00:00:00ZDziedzictwo kulturowe łódzkich Żydów i jego rola w rozwoju współczesnej Łodzi i regionu łódzkiego
Cudny, Waldemar; Kubiak, Ewa; Rouba, Rafał
This article presents the key elements of the material and non-material her-itage created by Łódź Jews. Those heritage elements play an extremely important part in shaping the contemporaneity of Łódź and the entire region. They are part of the cultural heritage of the city and its inhabitants. At every step in Łódź, we meet the houses, factories, palaces, hospitals, memorials and museum collec-tions relating to the Łódź Jews. This opportunity to familiarize with the history of the Jewish people once lived in Łódź is very important for local residents and tourists. The presentation of Jewish culture, is also used to fight negative stereo-types and the phenomena of xenophobia and anti-Semitism in Łódź and the region.
2011-01-01T00:00:00ZPraca polityczno-wychowawcza i nastroje w wojskach lądowych w pierwszych latach po zakończeniu II wojny światowejJarno, Witoldhttp://hdl.handle.net/11089/38912021-06-29T07:50:30Z2011-01-01T00:00:00ZPraca polityczno-wychowawcza i nastroje w wojskach lądowych w pierwszych latach po zakończeniu II wojny światowej
Jarno, Witold
In second half of 40th. XX century new communist powers in Poland had the small support of the society, therefore they also tried to convince the Polish people to propagated watchwords and views. On the other hand, the communist authorities also aimed at the pacifying the part of society, which did not want to reconcile to new reality. These aims were realized through the development of the apparatus of the safety and armed forces, which made up the pillars of the new authorities. Therefore, communist reign attached large importance to combining soldiers with new system and ideology, what they tried to realize by the extension in the army of the political apparatus. He had to mould among military man political beliefs consistent with views the new authorities. This activity – from the present-day perspective – should rather characterize as indoctrination. In 1945 the effects of the work of the political apparatus were weakly in the army. On this situation had an influence on the low standard of preparing political officers for their work. The political activity in the army was more and more active gradually, what had the connection with campaigns political to concern on the referendum in 1946 and election campaign to lower house of the Polish Parliament in 1947. Led in military districts political training began gradually to fulfill more and more important part in the mould class character of Polish Army. In 1949 began to create party structures in armed forces, meanwhile the membership to the Polish United Working Party became the necessary condition of the military career. All elements of the political work in the army to be designed for creating new side the Polish Army. The political indoctrination leaded to pacification hostile moods among soldiers, which become in the short time the conscious “new citizens” devoted to the new communist authorities and ready to stand up for new ideology in every moment.
2011-01-01T00:00:00ZŻycie i kariera Orybazjusza w świetle relacji źródłowychKokoszko, MaciejJagusiak, Krzysztofhttp://hdl.handle.net/11089/38902021-07-05T09:17:52Z2011-01-01T00:00:00ZŻycie i kariera Orybazjusza w świetle relacji źródłowych
Kokoszko, Maciej; Jagusiak, Krzysztof
The article makes an attempt at summarizing the present research in the life and career of Oribasius. The authors are in favour of the view that Oribasius was a native of Pergamum in Asia Minor. He was born in a well-off, most probably pagan, family and appears to have been first educated in the city of his birth. The cultural tradition of Pergamum and especially its renown as a centre of medicine must have had a considerable influence upon his future profession. Having completed the first stage of education, the young men left Asia Minor for Alexandria, which at that time still was the most important centre of medical science. There he studied under Zeno of Cyprus, a famous iatrosophist of that time.
In the year 355 he had been already a good acquaintance of the future em-peror Julian and after the latter’s elevation to the position of caesar, Oribasius accompanied Julian to Gaul, where he was one of the closest friends of that member of the imperial family. We know that he was in charge of Julian’s library and presumably took care of the caesar’s health. The doctor’s political influence is hard to precise but Oribasius is alleged to have played an undefined but im-portant role in Julian’s usurpation. Later on he accompanied the rebel on his campaign against the legitimate ruler. When Julian took over the rule over the empire, Oribasius was also at his side. Some sources claim that he was even made quaestor at Constantinople. Subsequently, he left the capital, moved with the young emperor to Antioch and followed the ruler on his campaign against Persia. When Julian was fatally wounded, first he tried to save his life and then was present at the young ruler’s death-bed.
Some time after Julian’s demise, he was exiled from the empire. He stayed for an unspecified time among the barbarians, managing to win their favour due to his competence in the area of medicine. He was called back by emperor Valens or Theodosius and allowed to settle down in Constantinople. Later on his proper-ty was also restored to him. Eunapius of Sardes, his biographer, informs us that he married a rich Constantinopolitan lady and fathered four children. He passed away at the very end of the IV th or at the beginning of the next century.
Though little can be said about new theories or methods introduced by Ori-basius in the area of medical science, the doctor earned his name as one of the most appreciated medical writers of Antiquity and Byzantium. He was prolific enough to write a voluminous work in seventy books, another one in nine books dedicated to his son Eustathius, a medical encyclopaedia in four books for his biographer Eunapius and a shorter treatise which is no longer extant. Additionally, he authored memoires describing important political developments he participated in. The extant medical works prove Oribasius’ considerable learning, display very clear organization and practicality, i.e. the features which contributed to the popularity of the doctor’s writings in late Antiquity, Byzantium as well as later on.
2011-01-01T00:00:00ZStarobułgarski przekład Starego TestamentuNikolova, Svetlinahttp://hdl.handle.net/11089/38892018-02-01T11:18:50Z2011-01-01T00:00:00ZStarobułgarski przekład Starego Testamentu
Nikolova, Svetlina
2011-01-01T00:00:00Z