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dc.contributor.authorFruzińska, Justyna
dc.contributor.editorBartosiak, Mariusz
dc.date.accessioned2022-01-19T11:46:17Z
dc.date.available2022-01-19T11:46:17Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.identifier.citationFruzińska J., Ulotne duchy Indianie w poezji Philipa Freneau i Williama Cullena Bryanta a koncepcje rasowe dziewiętnastowiecznej nauki, [w:] Strategie komunikacyjne i procesy twórcze, Red. M. Bartosiak, WUŁ, Łódź 2022, https://doi.org/10.18778/8220-762.0.03pl_PL
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11089/40457
dc.description.abstractThe paper analyzes the depiction of Native Americans in poems by two 19th-century American poets: Philip Freneau and William Cullen Bryant. Romantic writers were interested in Native Americans as “noble savages,” but also as a metonymy of “natural” America as opposed to “civilized” Europe. The poets often took the side of the Native population, mistreated and pushed westward by whites, both for ethical and esthetic reasons: appreciating their “picturesqueness” and nostalgically describing cultures which no longer constituted a military threat on the eastern shore of the United States. At the same time, however, their attitudes towards Native Americans could be far more complicated, as one can see in Bryant’s poem “The Prairies,” which de facto justified the US Indian policy of the 1830s. What is more, both poets’ works largely reflected racial ideas dominating 19th-century science. The poems which this paper analyzes refer to the motif of the “dying American,” doomed to extinction because of his physical weakness and unwillingness to accept white civilization, as well as the enigma of the “mound builders,” which intrigued many 19th-century scientists and was taken up by Bryant in his “Prairies.”pl_PL
dc.language.isoplpl_PL
dc.publisherWydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiegopl_PL
dc.relation.ispartofStrategie komunikacyjne i procesy twórcze;
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Międzynarodowe*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/*
dc.subjectRomanticismpl_PL
dc.subjectAmerican poetrypl_PL
dc.subjectNative Americanspl_PL
dc.subjectracepl_PL
dc.titleUlotne duchy Indianie w poezji Philipa Freneau i Williama Cullena Bryanta a koncepcje rasowe dziewiętnastowiecznej naukipl_PL
dc.typeBook chapterpl_PL
dc.page.number21-27pl_PL
dc.contributor.authorAffiliationUniwersytet Łódzki, Wydział Filologiczny, Zakład Literatury i Kultury Północnoamerykańskiejpl_PL
dc.identifier.eisbn978-83-8220-762-0
dc.referencesBarańczak S. (przeł. i oprac.) (1998), Od Walta Whitmana do Boba Dylana. Antologia poezji amerykańskiej, Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie.pl_PL
dc.referencesBrantlinger P. (2003), Dark Vanishings: Discourse on the Extinction of Primitive Races, 1800–1930, Ithaca–London: Cornell University Press.pl_PL
dc.referencesBryant W.C. (1840), Poems, New York: Harper and Brothers.pl_PL
dc.referencesBryant W.C. (red.) (1860), Selections from the American poets, New York: Harper and Brothers.pl_PL
dc.referencesDahl C. (1961), Mound-Builders, Mormons, and William Cullen Bryant, „The New England Quarterly”, vol. 34(2), s. 178–190, http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/362525pl_PL
dc.referencesDippie B.W. (1982), The Vanishing American: White Attitudes and U.S. Indian Policy, Lawrence: University Press of Kansas.pl_PL
dc.referencesFreneau P. (1809), Poems, t. 1, Philadelphia: Lydia R. Bailey.pl_PL
dc.referencesGalloway A. (2010), William Cullen Bryant’s American Antiquities: Medievalism, Miscegenation, and Race in The Prairies, „American Literary History”, vol. 22(4), s. 724–751.pl_PL
dc.referencesMiller R.N. (1949), Nationalism in Bryant’s ‘The Prairies’, „American Literature”, vol. 21(2), s. 227–232.pl_PL
dc.referencesPace J. (2009), William Wordsworth, William Cullen Bryant and the poetics of American Indian Removal, [w:] T. Fulford, K. Hutchings (red.), Native Americans and Anglo-American Culture, 1750–1850: The Indian Atlantic, New York: Cambridge University Press, s. 197–216.pl_PL
dc.referencesPratt M.L. (1995), Imperial Eyes: Travel Writing and Transculturation, London–New York: Routledge.pl_PL
dc.referencesSalska A. (1988), William Cullen Bryant’s ‘The Prairies’: toward Whitmanian sense of form in the poem, „Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria”, nr 24, s. 91–102.pl_PL
dc.identifier.doi10.18778/8220-762.0.03


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