Qana – a Town of two Tragedies

Brylew, Marek

dc.contributor.author	Brylew, Marek
dc.contributor.editor	Grabarczyk, Tadeusz
dc.contributor.editor	Pogońska-Pol, Magdalena
dc.date.accessioned	2022-12-14T14:55:44Z
dc.date.available	2022-12-14T14:55:44Z
dc.date.issued	2022
dc.identifier.citation	Brylew M., Qana – a Town of two Tragedies, [in:] Faces of War (Oblicza Wojny). Volume 6. City and War, ed. T. Grabarczyk, M. Pogońska-Pol, WUŁ, Lodz 2022, https://doi.org/10.18778/8331- 012-1.15	pl_PL
dc.identifier.isbn	978-83-8331-012-1
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/11089/44655
dc.description.abstract	Qana is a town located in the south of Lebanon, 14 km from Tyre, inhabited mostly by Shiʽite Muslims and a small number of Christians. According to the research of Lebanese historian Dr. Youssef El Hourany, Qana is known to have been the place where Jesus turned water into wine. However, for most Lebanese, Qana is associated with human suffering, martyrdom, and a symbol of resistance to Israel’s military aggression. In 1996, 106 people were killed in the town as a result of shelling by Israeli artillery. Ten years later, Israel attacked Qana again in an airstrike that resulted in the deaths of 27 more. Sixteen years after the tragedy, it is more and more difficult to find the causes, the course of events and generally – what exactly happened in Qana. As a participant and witness of those events, it is the author’s aim to revive the memory of the tragic fate of the inhabitants of that small town in southern Lebanon.	pl_PL
dc.language.iso	en	pl_PL
dc.publisher	Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego	pl_PL
dc.relation.ispartof	Faces of War (Oblicza Wojny). Volume 6. City and War;
dc.relation.ispartofseries	Oblicza Wojny;
dc.rights	Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Międzynarodowe	*
dc.rights.uri	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/	*
dc.subject	Hezbollah	pl_PL
dc.subject	Qana	pl_PL
dc.subject	Lebanon	pl_PL
dc.subject	Grapes of Wrath	pl_PL
dc.subject	Second Lebanon War	pl_PL
dc.title	Qana – a Town of two Tragedies	pl_PL
dc.type	Book chapter	pl_PL
dc.page.number	263-285	pl_PL
dc.contributor.authorAffiliation	Pomeranian University in Słupsk	pl_PL
dc.identifier.eisbn	978-83-8331-013-8
dc.references	Additional Protocols to the Geneva Conventions of August 12, 1949, relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts (Protocol I) and to the Protection of Victims of Non-International Armed Conflicts (Protocol II), done at Geneva on June 8, 1977, “Journal of Laws” 1992, No. 41, item. 17.	pl_PL
dc.references	Ewangelia wg św. Marka, [in:] Nowy Testament, Biblia Tysiąclecia Online, Poznań 2003, https://biblia.deon.pl/rozdzial.php?id=254 (access: 10 XI 2020).	pl_PL
dc.references	Letter dated 7 August 2006 from the Secretary-General addressed to the President of the Security Council, Security Council, Distr.: General 7th August 2006, https://unifil.unmissions.org/sites/default/files/626.40d7de06-6317-4bd5-ade4-10505d7035b1.pdf (access: 14 XI 2020).	pl_PL
dc.references	Report of The Secretary-General On The United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (for period from 13 October to 9 April 1984), Security Council, Distr. General, S/16472, 9th April 1984, https://undocs.org/pdf?symbol=en/S/16472 (access: 13 XI 2020).	pl_PL
dc.references	Report of The Secretary-General On The United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (for period from 12 April to 10 October 1985), Security Council, Distr. General, S/17557, 25th October 1985, https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/105850 (access: 13 XI 2020).	pl_PL
dc.references	Report of The Secretary-General On The United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (for period from 11 July 1986 to 11 January 1987), Security Council, Distr. General, S/1851, 12th January 1987, https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/126360 (access: 13 XI 2020).	pl_PL
dc.references	Report of The Secretary-General On The United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (for period from 23 January to 25 July 1988), Security Council, Distr. General, S/20053, 25th July 1988, https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/42943 (access: 13 XI 2020).	pl_PL
dc.references	Report of The Secretary-general on The United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (for the period 21 July 1993 – 20 January 1994), Security Council, Distr. General, S/1994/62, 20th January 1994, https://undocs.org/pdf?symbol=en/S/1994/62 (access: 12 XI 2020).	pl_PL
dc.references	Report of The Secretary-General on The United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (for the period of 19 March to 13 September 1973), United Nations, https://www.un.org/unispal/document/auto-insert-209970 (access: 10 XI 2020).	pl_PL
dc.references	Report of The Secretary-General On The United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (for the period from 22 January 1996 to 20 July 1996), Security Council, Distr. General, S/1996/ 575, 20th July 1996, https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/218489 (access: 13 XI 2020).	pl_PL
dc.references	Report of The Secretary-General On The United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (for the period 21 January 1992 to 19 July 1992), Security Council, Distr. General, S/1995/595, 19th July 1995, https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/198728 (access: 13 XI 2020).	pl_PL
dc.references	Report of The Secretary-General On The United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (for the period 22 January 1992 to 21 July 1992), Security Council, Distr. General, S/24341, 21st July 1992 (access: 13 XI 2020).	pl_PL
dc.references	Report of the Secretary-General on the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (for the period from 17 January to 17 July 2000), Security Council, Distr.: General 20th July 2000, https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/419227 (access: 13 XI 2020).	pl_PL
dc.references	Report of the Secretary-General on the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (for the period from 21 January 2005 to 20 July 2005), Security Council, Distr.: General 21st July 2005, https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N05/420/36/PDF/N0542036.pdf? (access: 14 XI 2020).	pl_PL
dc.references	Report of the Secretary-General on the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (For the period from 21 January 2006 to 18 July 2006), Security Council, https://documents-ddsny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N06/437/22/IMG/N0643722.pdf?OpenElement (access: 14 XI 2020).	pl_PL
dc.references	Resolution 425 (1978) of 19 March 1978, Resolution 426 (1978) of 19 March 1978, United Nations, https://undocs.org/S/RES/425(1978) (access: 10 XI 2020).	pl_PL
dc.references	Situation in the Area, January–July 2005, UNIFIL, https://unifil.unmissions.org/unifilbackground# para15 (access: 14 XI 2020).	pl_PL
dc.references	Bonsen S., Martyr Cults and Political Identities in Lebanon “Victory or Martyrdom” in the Struggle of the Amal Movement, Wiesbaden 2020.	pl_PL
dc.references	Brylew M., Problemy i wyzwania współczesnego Libanu, Toruń 2017.	pl_PL
dc.references	Ghorayeb A.S., Hizbu’llah. Politics and Religion, London 2002.	pl_PL
dc.references	Jaber H., Hezbollah, Warszawa 2001.	pl_PL
dc.references	Roncaglia M.P., In The Footsteps of Jesus, The Messiah, In Phoenicia/Lebanon, Beirut 2004.	pl_PL
dc.references	Volk L., Memorial and Martyrs in Modern Lebanon, Bloomington 2010.	pl_PL
dc.references	Antonios Z., Cana, miraculous and resistant, “L’Orient Today”, https://today.lorientlejour.com/article/1179064/cana-miraculous-and-resistant.html (access: 10 XI 2020).	pl_PL
dc.references	Blanford N., On Israel’s doorstep, Ahmadinejad hurls taunts across the Lebanese border, “The Christian Science Monitor”, https://www.csmonitor.com/World/Middle-East/2010/1014/On-Israel-s-doorstep-Ahmadinejad-hurls-taunts-across-the-Lebanese-border (access: 20 IX 2020).	pl_PL
dc.references	Cana memorial medal, Banque Du Liban, https://www.bdl.gov.lb/pages/index/2/269/Cana-Memorial.html (access: 20 IX 2020).	pl_PL
dc.references	Civilian Casualties in Lebanon during the 2006 War, Human Rights Watch, 5th September 2007, https://www.hrw.org/node/255321/printable/print (access: 18 XI 2020).	pl_PL
dc.references	Coastal Road Massacre Takes Place, CIE Center For Israel Eductaion, https://israeled.org/coastal-road-massacre (access: 10 XI 2020).	pl_PL
dc.references	FOCUS: Grapes Of Wrath: Our Peacekeepers Story, FijiSun, https://fijisun.com.fj/2015/04/18/focus-grapes-of-wrath-our-peacekeepers-story (access: 13 XI 2020).	pl_PL
dc.references	Hourany Y., Cana of Galilee in South Lebanon, http://youssefhourany.com/cana-of-galilee.html#prettyPhoto[portfolio]/24 (access: 10 XI 2020).	pl_PL
dc.references	Israel/Lebanon “Operation Grapes of Wrath”. The Civilian Victims, Human Rights Watch, September 1997, Vol. 9, No. 8 (E), https://www.hrw.org/reports/1997/isrleb/Isrleb.htm (access: 13 XI 2020).	pl_PL
dc.references	Qana, libandata, https://www.libandata.org/en/towns/qana (access: 10 XI 2020).	pl_PL
dc.references	Reisman W. M., The Lessons of Qana, 22 Yale J. Int’l L. (1997), https://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/yjil/vol22/iss2/5 (accessed: 13 XI 2020).	pl_PL
dc.references	Shlomo Argov, Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, https://mfa.gov.il/MFA/MFA-Archive/2003/Pages/Shlomo%20Argov.aspx (access: 12 XI 2020).	pl_PL
dc.contributor.authorEmail	marek.brylew@apsl.edu.pl	pl_PL
dc.identifier.doi	10.18778/8331- 012-1.15
dc.relation.volume	6	pl_PL