Wykorzystanie chromatografii cieczowej do oznaczania niskocząsteczkowych związków tiolowych oraz białek obecnych w osoczu w wybranych stanach patofizjologicznych

Abstract

This doctoral dissertation focuses on the development and validation of three bioanalytical methods based on high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), enabling the quantitative determination of low-molecular-weight thiol compounds and selected plasma proteins in human biological fluids. The primary objective was to create precise diagnostic tools for assessing cardiovascular risk in the context of chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and both autoimmune and infectious diseases, including COVID-19.

The study includes an in-depth analysis of compounds such as homocysteine, glutathione, and cysteine, as well as plasma proteins (e.g., albumin, fibrinogen, transferrin), all of which play significant roles in the pathophysiology of the cardiovascular system. The detection of these biomarkers, made possible through the use of fluorescence-based techniques and light-scattering detection, allows for the identification of early biochemical alterations indicative of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular complications. The dissertation emphasizes the importance of thiol redox balance as a key indicator of the body’s response to oxidative stress.

The applied methods are distinguished by their high sensitivity, selectivity, and compliance with the principles of green analytical chemistry, making them suitable not only for clinical research but also for routine diagnostics and therapeutic monitoring. This work makes a significant contribution to the advancement of medical analytics by integrating knowledge from analytical chemistry, biochemistry, and medicine, while addressing current global health challenges.