Polystyrene nanoparticles: the mechanism of their genotoxicity in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Data
2022Autor
Malinowska, Kinga
Bukowska, Bożena
Piwoński, Ireneusz
Foksiński, Marek
Kisielewska, Aneta
Zarakowska, Ewelina
Gackowski, Daniel
Sicińska, Paulina
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Plastic nanoparticles are widely spread in the biosphere, but health risk associated with their
effect on the human organism has not yet been assessed. The purpose of this study was to
determine the genotoxic potential of non-functionalized polystyrene nanoparticles (PS-NPs) of
different diameters of 29, 44, and 72nm in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)
(in vitro). To select non-cytotoxic concentrations of tested PS-NPs, we analyzed metabolic activity
of PBMCs incubated with these particles in concentrations ranging from 0.001 to 1000 ug/mL.
Then, PS-NPs were used in concentrations from 0.0001 to 100 ug/mL and incubated with tested
cells for 24 h. Physico-chemical properties of PS-NPs in media and suspension were analyzed
using dynamic light scattering (DLS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy
(SEM) and zeta potential. For the first time, we investigated the mechanism of genotoxic
action of PS-NPs based on detection of single/double DNA strand-breaks and 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine
(8-oxodG) formation, as well as determination of oxidative modification of purines
and pyrimidines and repair efficiency of DNA damage. Obtained results have shown that PS-NPs
caused a decrease in PBMCs metabolic activity, increased single/double-strand break formation,
oxidized purines and pyrimidines and increased 8oxodG levels. The resulting damage was completely
repaired in the case of the largest PS-NPs. It was also found that extent of genotoxic
changes in PBMCs depended on the size of tested particles and their f-potential value.
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