Lokalne programy rewitalizacji jako instrument odnowy małych miast na wybranych przykładach z obszaru województwa łódzkiego
Streszczenie
Spośród 44 miast województwa łódzkiego 28 (tj. 63,6%) ośrodków należy do
kategorii tzw. „małych miast”. Znaczna ich część wykazuje poważne problemy rozwoju
społeczno-gospodarczego i cechuje się dużym udziałem obszarów zdegradowanych.
Istotną szansę aktywacji małych miast stanowi proces rewitalizacji. Impulsem do jej
realizacji stały się możliwości pozyskania funduszy unijnych. Ich wykorzystanie w tym
kontekście uzależnione jest od opracowania lokalnych programów rewitalizacji (LPR).
W artykule dokonano kompleksowej analizy porównawczej LPR dla sześciu odpowiednio
dobranych miast z obszaru województwa łódzkiego pod kątem zasięgu ich
oddziaływania, skali i rodzaju działań rewitalizacyjnych oraz systemu realizacji. Among 44 cities in the Łódź region 28 are included into the category of so called
"small towns". Many of them show serious social and economic issues and they are
characterized by a high proportion of degraded areas. Opportunity for development of
small towns has been a process of revitalization. It includes a comprehensive,
coordinated and long-term activities that lead to significant spatial, technical, social and
economic changes. The possibilities of financing the projects with EU funds became the
impetus for the revitalization processes in Poland. Their use is dependent on the
development of local revitalization programs (LPR). In this article the comparative
analysis of revitalization program for six small towns in the area of the Łódź region was
implemented, taking into account three categories of cities in terms of population. From
the group of small towns from 10 to 20 thousand population a survey was conducted for
Konstantynów Łódzki and Koluszki, from a group of 5 to 10 thousand for residents of Działoszyn and Poddębice, and from the group of towns below 5 thousand residents for
Złoczew and Krośniewice. The analysis concerned the spatial extent of areas revitalized,
financial scale and type of actions and their implementation system. In the smallest
towns, revitalized surface area is relatively small, but its share in the total municipal area
is larger than in the other cities. The most often repeated delimitation criteria are
following: the level of land and public facilities degradation, poor housing facilities, the
degradation level of the technical infrastructure, social issues and their weak economic
activation. Larger towns more often used social criteria (unemployment, crime),
however the smaller ones were likely to use weak economic growth criterion.
Revitalization activities clearly dominate in the spatial field (improvement of housing
conditions, renovation of public buildings, protection of monuments, modernization of
technical infrastructure). Less frequently, activities in the sphere of economic activation
(investment promotion, tourism development functions) and the elimination of social
problems (elimination of unemployment, increased security, living conditions
improvement) have been undertaken.