Przestrzeń aktywności ekonomicznej ludności Łodzi

Abstract

Artykuł zawiera szczegółową analizę zróżnicowania przestrzennego aktywności ekonomicznej ludności Łodzi, przedstawioną na tle rozwoju podmiotów gospodarki narodowej w okresie transformacji. Scharakteryzowano rozmieszczenie firm oraz ich strukturę przestrzenną według wielkości, form własności i rodzajów działalności, a także dostępności miejsc pracy.

During the transformation period the economic base of the city of Łódź underwent far-reaching changes. This paper seeks to summarise the research on spatial diversification of business activity of the Łódź population. The research was focused on spatial distribution of business establishments and labour engaged, types of business and forms of ownership, as well as availability of jobs. The primary goal of the study was to characterise the distribution of the above-mentioned variables, especially the degree of their diversification. The distribution of particular characteristics of business activity was presented as of January 2001. Graphically, the spatial structures are represented on maps using a detailed division of the city area into 215 geodetic units.The above analysis shows that the 18 characteristics of socio-economic spatial structure of Łódź differ significantly as to their level of variability, although the variability be geodetic units is usually very high, which can be considered a typical feature of the analysed structure. It should be taken into account that high variability indicates weak central tendency of the distributions in question. It should be also noted that a many of the variables (8) displayed multi-modal distribution. None of the socio-economic variables showed low degree of variability, while only one - share of private sector labour in the total labour - showed moderate variability (V=27.68%). Only four variables displayed high variability (1. share of labour employed by sole proprietorship firm in the total private sector labour, 2. Share of trade services labour in the total non-agricultural labour, 3. Share of manufacturing labour in the total non-agricultural labour, 4. Number of population per I firm). The other variables were characterised by very high variability, with four variables displaying variability in excess of 200%: 1. Number of employed in the public sector, 2. Number of employed in trade services, 3. Number of employed in non-trade services, 4. Total number of employed. It can be stated that particularly high degree of variability goes hand-in-hand with very high skewness and kurtosis. Therefore most of characteristics of this kind may be used in elaboration of socio-economic spatial typology of Łódź.