dc.contributor.author | Saniotis, Arthur | |
dc.contributor.author | Galassi, Francesco M. | |
dc.contributor.author | Henneberg, Maciej | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2024-06-04T07:53:04Z | |
dc.date.available | 2024-06-04T07:53:04Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2024-06-03 | |
dc.identifier.issn | 1898-6773 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/11089/52294 | |
dc.description.abstract | Biotechnology has become one of the most powerful forces on the planet, since it is capable of altering life processes at a molecular level. Since human bodies are dynamic biological systems, medicine requires to understand the evolutionary antecedents of Homo, especially in relation to neurohormonal regulation. Furthermore, increasing human dependence on biotechnology has led to relaxed natural selection in Homo, with subsequent increase of genetic load. In this paper, we speculate on the possible consequences of the application of parsimoniously derived biotechnologies onto the biological system of humans, with special attention to three areas: 1. human brain augmentation; 2. biotechnology and public health; 3. relaxed natural selection and genetic load. Human ability to manipulate and alter the structure and function of the body may not only make natural selection redundant but will be guided by a teleology whose purpose will seek to improve upon nature’s design. | en |
dc.language.iso | de | |
dc.publisher | Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego | pl |
dc.relation.ispartofseries | Anthropological Review;1 | en |
dc.rights.uri | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 | |
dc.title | Possible future evolutionary consequences to Homo as a result of the implementation of biotechnology | de |
dc.title.alternative | Possible future evolutionary consequences to Homo as a result of the implementation of biotechnology | en |
dc.type | Article | |
dc.page.number | 69-80 | |
dc.contributor.authorAffiliation | Saniotis, Arthur - College of Medicine, Bachelor of Doctor Assistance Department, Gaborone, Botswana; The University of Adelaide, School of Biomedicine, Adelaide, Australia | de |
dc.contributor.authorAffiliation | Galassi, Francesco M. - The University of Adelaide, School of Biomedicine, Adelaide, Australia; University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of Anthropology, Lodz, Poland | de |
dc.contributor.authorAffiliation | Henneberg, Maciej - University of Zurich, Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, Zürich, Switzerland; The University of Adelaide, School of Biomedicine, Adelaide, Australia | de |
dc.identifier.eissn | 2083-4594 | |
dc.references | Agrawal AF, Whitlock MC. 2012. Mutation load: the fitness of individuals in populations where deleterious alleles are abundant. Annu Rev Ecol Evol Syst 43:115–35. | de |
dc.references | Bateson G. 1973. Steps to an ecology of mind. St Albans, Great Britain: Paladin. | de |
dc.references | Ballon JS, Feifel D. 2006. A systematic review of modafinil: potential clinical uses and mechanisms of action. J Clin Psychiatry 67(4):554–66. https://doi.org/10.4088/jcp.v67n0406 | de |
dc.references | Benedetti F, Aggio V, Pratesi ML, Greco G, Furlan R. 2020. Neuroinflammation in bipolar depression. Front Psychiatry 11:71. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00071 | de |
dc.references | Berk M, Dodd S, Kauer-Sant AM, Malhi GS, Bourin M, et al. 2007. Dopamine dysregulation syndrome: implications for a dopamine hypothesis of bipolar disorder. Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl116:41–49. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.2007.01058.x | de |
dc.references | Bostrom N. 2003. Are you living in a computer simulation? Philos Q 2003; 53(211):243–55. | de |
dc.references | Borry P, Bentzen HB, Budin-Ljøsne I, Cornel MC, Howard HC, et al. 2018. The challenges of the expanded availability of genomic information: an agenda-setting paper. J Community Genet9(2):103–16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12687-017-0331-7 | de |
dc.references | Bouton CE, Shaikhouni A, Annetta NV, Bockbrader MA, Friedenberg DA, et al. 2016. Restoring cortical control of functional movement in a human with quadriplegia. Nature 533:247–50. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature17435 | de |
dc.references | Bratsberg B, Rogeberg O. 2018. Flynn effect and its reversal are both environmentally caused. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 115(26):6674–78. | de |
dc.references | Brisch R, Saniotis A, Wolf R, Bielau H, Steiner J, Bernstein H, et al. 2014. The role of dopamine in schizophrenia from a neurobiological and evolutionary perspective: old fashioned, but still in vogue. Frontiers in Psychiatry 5(47):1–11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2014.00047 | de |
dc.references | Brown P. 1992. Recent human evolution in East Asia and Australasia. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 331:23542. | de |
dc.references | Budnik A, Liczbinska G, Gumna I. 2004. Demographic trends and biological status of historic populations from Central Poland: the Ostrów Lednicki microregion. Am J Phys Anthropol 125(4):369–81. | de |
dc.references | Bundy DT, Souders L, Baranyai K, Leonard L, Schalk G, et al. 2017. Contralesional brain-computer interface control of a powered exoskeleton for motor recovery in chronic stroke survivors. Stroke 48:1908–15. | de |
dc.references | Burgess J. 1998. Occam’s razor and scientific method. In: Schirn (ed.), The Philosophy of Mathematics Today. Clarendon Press, Oxford, pp. 195–214. | de |
dc.references | Charlton NG. 2008. Understanding Gregory Bateson: Mind, beauty, and the sacred earth. Albany: State University of New York Press. | de |
dc.references | Chatterjee A. 2006. The promise and predicament of cosmetic neurology. J Med Ethics 32(2):110–13. | de |
dc.references | Dutton E, van der Linden D, Lynn R. 2016. The negative Flynn effect: a systematic literature review. Intelligence 59:163–69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intell.2016.10.002 | de |
dc.references | Ehrlich P. 2000. Human natures: genes, cultures, and the human project. Chicago: Island Press. | de |
dc.references | Flynn JR. 2009. What is intelligence? Beyond the Flynn effect. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ Press. | de |
dc.references | Giurgea C. 1972. Vers une pharmacologie de l’activité intégrative du cerveau. Tentative du concept nootrope en psychopharmacologie. Actual Pharmacol 25:115–56. | de |
dc.references | Hasler G. 2010. Pathophysiology of depression: Do we have any solid evidence of interest to clinicians? World Psychiatry 9(3):155–61. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2051-5545.2010.tb00298.x | de |
dc.references | Henneberg M. 1998. Decrease of human skull size in the Holocene. Hum Biol 60:395–405. | de |
dc.references | Henneberg M, Steyn M. 1993. Trends in cranial capacity and cranial index in Subsaharan Africa during the Holocene. Am J Hum Biol 5:473–79. | de |
dc.references | Henneberg M, Steyn M. 1995. Trends in mortality and health status in South Africa over the last thousand years and their implications for the opportunity for natural selection, Homo 46:27–37. | de |
dc.references | Jayanthi S, Gonzalez B, McCoy MT, Ladenheim B, Bisagno V, et al. 2018. Methamphetamine induces TET1- and TET3-dependent DNA hydroxymethylation of Crh and Avp genes in the rat nucleus accumbens. Mol Neurobiol. 55(6):5154–66. | de |
dc.references | Krasnova N, Justinova Z, Cadet JL. 2016. Methamphetamine addiction: involvement of CREB and neuroinflammatory signaling pathways. Psychopharmacol (Berl) 233(10):1945–62. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-016-4235-8 | de |
dc.references | Knable MB, Weinberger DR. 1997. Dopamine, the pre-frontal cortex and schizophrenia. J Psychopharmacol 11:123–31. https://doi.org/10.1177/026988119701100205 | de |
dc.references | Kurzweil R. 2000. The age of spiritual machines: When computers exceed human intelligence. New York: Penguin Books. | de |
dc.references | Laland JM, Seed A. 2021. Understanding human cognitive uniqueness. Annu Rev Psychol 72(1): 689–716. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-062220-051256 | de |
dc.references | Lappin JM, Darke S, Farrell M. 2017. Stroke Farrell M. Stroke and methamphetamine use in young adults: a review. J Neurol Neurosurg 88:1079–91. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2017-316071 | de |
dc.references | Lappin JM, Sara GE. 2019. Psychostimulant use and the brain. Addiction 114(11):2065–77. | de |
dc.references | Limanaqi F, Gambardella S, Biagioni F, Busceti CL, Fornai F. 2018. Epigenetic effects Induced by methamphetamine and methamphetamine-dependent oxidative stress. Oxid Med Cell Longev 22:4982453 https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4982453 | de |
dc.references | López-Figueroa AL, Norton CS, Lopez-Figueroa MO, Armellini-Dodel D, Burke S, et al. 2004. Serotonin 5-HT1A, 5-HT1B and 5-HT2A receptor mRNA expression in subjects with major depression, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 55:225–33. | de |
dc.references | Mellanby K. 1947. Medical experiments on human beings in concentration camps in Nazi Germany. Br Med J 1(4490):148–50. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.1.4490.148 | de |
dc.references | Pietschnig J, Voracek M. 2015. One century of global IQ gains: a formal meta-analysis of the Flynn effect (1909–2013). Perspect Psychol Sci 10:282–306. | de |
dc.references | Roelcke V. 2004. Nazi medicine and research on human beings. Lancet 364 (Suppl 1): s6–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736 (04)17619-8 | de |
dc.references | Roser M, Ritchie H, Dadonaite B. 2013. Child and infant mortality. Our world in data. Available at: https://ourworldindata.org/child-mortality | de |
dc.references | Rossiianov K. 2003. Beyond species: Il’ya Ivanov and his experiments on cross-breeding humans with anthropoid apes. Science in Context 15(2): 277–316. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0269889702000455 | de |
dc.references | Ruff CB, Trinkaus E, Holliday TW. 1997. Body mass and encephalization in Pleistocene Homo. Nature 387:173–76. https://doi.org/10.1038/387173a0 | de |
dc.references | Sahakian B, Morein-Zamir S. 2007. Cognitive enhancement: professor’s little helper. Nature 450(7173):1157–59. | de |
dc.references | Saniotis A. 2007a. ‘Recombinant nature’: transgenics and the emergence of hum-animals. E-LOGOS 1–20. | de |
dc.references | Saniotis A. 2007b. Social and genomic constructions of chimera. J Futures Stud 11(3):47–60. | de |
dc.references | Saniotis A. 2011. Analysing Gregory Bateson’s ‘ecological intelligence’: Where Bateson and Aristotle meet. Biocosmology – neo-Aristotelism 1(4):459– 66. | de |
dc.references | Saniotis A, Henneberg M. 2011a. An evolutionary approach toward exploring altered states of consciousness, mind-body techniques, and non-local mind. World Futures 67(3): 182–200. https://doi.org/10.1080/02604027.2011.555250 | de |
dc.references | Saniotis A, Henneberg M. 2011b. Medicine could be constructing human bodies in the future. Med Hypotheses 77(4):560–64. | de |
dc.references | Saniotis A, Henneberg M. 2020. Anatomical variations and evolution: re-evaluating their Importance for surgeons. ANZ J Surg 91(5):837–40. | de |
dc.references | Saniotis A, Henneberg M, Kumaratilake J, Grantham JP. 2014. “Messing with the Mind”: evolutionary challenges to human brain augmentation. Front Syst Neurosci 8:152. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2014.00152 | de |
dc.references | Saniotis A, Henneberg M, Sawalma A-R. 2018. Integration of nanobots into neural circuits as a future therapy for treating neurodegenerative disorders. Front Neurosci 12:153. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2018.00153 | de |
dc.references | Saniotis A, Henneberg M, Mohammadi K. 2020. Genetic load and morphological changes to extant humans. J Biosoc Sci 53(4):639–42. | de |
dc.references | Savulescu J. 2003. Human-animal transgenesis and chimeras might be an expression of our humanity. Am J Bioeth 3(3):22–25. | de |
dc.references | Shayer M, Ginsburg D, Coe R. 2007. 30 Years on–a large anti-‘Flynn effect’? The Piagetian test volume and heaviness norms 1975–2003. Br J Educ Psychol 77:25–41. | de |
dc.references | Sharma G, Friedenberg DA, Annetta N, Glenn B, Bockbrader M, et al. 2016. Using an artificial neural bypass to restore cortical control of rhythmic movements in a human with quadriplegia. Sci Rep 6:33807. | de |
dc.references | Shih JJ, Krusienski DJ, Wolpaw JR. 2012. Brain-computer interfaces in medicine. Mayo Clin Proc 87:268279. | de |
dc.references | Shugart YY, Wang Y, Samuels JF, Grados MA, Greenberg BD, Knowles JA, et al. 2009. A family-based association study of the glutamate transporter gene SLC1A1 in obsessive-compulsive disorder in 378 families. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiat Genet 150B: 886–892. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.b.30914 | de |
dc.references | Smith TE, Martel MM, DeSantis AD. 2017. Subjective report of side effects of prescribed and nonprescribed psychostimulant use in young adults. Subst Use Misuse 52(4):548–52. | de |
dc.references | Teasdale TW, Owen DR. 2005. A long-term rise and recent decline in intelligence test performance: the Flynn effect in reverse. Personality and Individual Differences. Pers Individ Differ 39(4):837–43. | de |
dc.references | Tobin MJ. 2022. Fiftieth anniversary of uncovering the Tuskegee syphilis study: The story and timeless lessons. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 205(10):1145–58. https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.202201-0136SO | de |
dc.references | Tornay SC. 1938. Ockham: Studies and Selections. LaSalle, IL: Open Court. | de |
dc.references | von Bertalanffy L. 1957. Allgemeine Systemtheorie. DUZ 1957;12:8–12. | de |
dc.references | Wang Y, Adamczyk A, Shugart YY, Samuels JF, Grados MA, Greenberg BD, et al. 2010. A screen of SLC1A1 for OCD-related alleles. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiat Genet 153: 675–79. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.b.31001 | de |
dc.references | Wojtalik JA, Hogarty SS, Cornelius JR, Phillips ML, Keshavan MS, et al. 2016. Cognitive enhancement therapy improves frontolimbic regulation of emotion in alcohol and/or cannabis misusing schizophrenia: a preliminary study. Front Psychiatry 6:186. | de |
dc.references | You W, Henneberg M. 2016. Type 1 diabetes prevalence increasing globally and regionally: the role of natural selection and life expectancy at birth. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 4(1):e000161. | de |
dc.references | You W, Henneberg M. 2017. Cancer incidence increasing globally: the role of relaxed natural selection. Evol App 11(2):140–52. | de |
dc.references | Zhejiang J. 2019. Experiments that led to the first gene-edited babies: the ethical failings and the urgent need for better governance. Univ Sci B 20(1):32–38. | de |
dc.contributor.authorEmail | Saniotis, Arthur - arthur.saniotis@adelaide.edu.au | |
dc.contributor.authorEmail | Galassi, Francesco M. - francesco.galassi@biol.uni.lodz.pl | |
dc.contributor.authorEmail | Henneberg, Maciej - maciej.henneberg@adelaide.edu.au | |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.18778/1898-6773.87.1.05 | |
dc.relation.volume | 87 | |