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dc.contributor.authorKarkowska, Renata
dc.contributor.authorNiedziółka, Paweł
dc.date.accessioned2026-06-25T10:25:19Z
dc.date.available2026-06-25T10:25:19Z
dc.date.issued2026-06-24
dc.identifier.issn1508-2008
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11089/58642
dc.description.abstractThis article aims to identify the impact of a country’s climate risk resilience on its sovereign credit rating, and to answer whether a country’s vulnerability can be mitigated by its readiness. The analysis also examines the robustness of the identified relationships, assessing their relevance to both investment-grade and speculative-grade countries. The study is based on a cross-country sample of 67 countries. It examines the relationship between sovereign credit ratings issued by Standard & Poor’s and Moody’s and the ND-GAIN climate risk index, including the effects of its vulnerability and readiness components. To examine the link between sovereign credit ratings and climate resilience, we employ a cluster analysis based on climate vulnerability, adaptive capacity, and sovereign credit ratings, complemented by a linear regression model. The results indicate a positive relationship between climate resilience and sovereign credit rating. Vulnerability to climate risk negatively affects the rating, whereas the positive impact of climate readiness is more pronounced in countries with higher credit ratings than in those with lower ratings. The conclusions offer new insights into the determinants of sovereign credit ratings and the impact of climate risk on a country’s credibility, providing important implications for climate policy and for the methodologies used by credit rating agencies to assess sovereign ratings.en
dc.description.abstractCelem artykułu jest identyfikacja wpływu odporności kraju na ryzyko klimatyczne na jego rating kredytowy oraz odpowiedź na pytanie, czy podatność na ryzyko może być łagodzona przez aktywną politykę klimatyczną państwa. Analiza uwzględnia również trwałość zaobserwowanych zależności w odniesieniu do krajów o ratingu inwestycyjnym oraz spekulacyjnym. Badanie opiera się na próbie 67 państw i koncentruje się na zależności między ratingami kredytowymi nadawanymi przez agencje Standard & Poor’s i Moody’s a indeksem ryzyka klimatycznego ND-GAIN, w tym jego składowymi – podatnością i gotowością. W celu weryfikacji zależności między ratingami kredytowymi państw a ich odpornością klimatyczną zastosowano analizę skupień opartą na podatności klimatycznej, zdolności adaptacyjnej oraz ratingach kredytowych, a także model regresji liniowej. Wyniki wskazują na pozytywną zależność między odpornością klimatyczną kraju a jego ratingiem kredytowym. Podatność na ryzyko klimatyczne wpływa negatywnie na ocenę wiarygodności kredytowej, natomiast pozytywny wpływ gotowości klimatycznej jest bardziej widoczny w krajach o wyższych ratingach niż w tych o gorszej ocenie wiarygodności kredytowej. Wnioski dostarczają nowych informacji na temat czynników determinujących ratingi kredytowe państw oraz wpływu ryzyka klimatycznego na wiarygodność kraju, co ma istotne znaczenie dla polityki klimatycznej oraz metodologii wyznaczania ratingów suwerennych przez agencje ratingowe.pl
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherWydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiegopl
dc.relation.ispartofseriesComparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe;2en
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
dc.subjectclimate risken
dc.subjectsovereign ratingen
dc.subjectvulnerabilityen
dc.subjectreadinessen
dc.subjectND-GAIN indexen
dc.subjectryzyko klimatycznepl
dc.subjectrating państwowypl
dc.subjectpodatnośćpl
dc.subjectgotowośćpl
dc.subjectindeks ND-GAINpl
dc.titleHow Climate Resilience Shapes Sovereign Credit Risk: A Cross-Country Comparative Studyen
dc.title.alternativeJak odporność na zmiany klimatu wpływa na ryzyko kredytowe kraju: badanie porównawcze na próbie międzynarodowejpl
dc.typeArticle
dc.page.number61-86
dc.contributor.authorAffiliationKarkowska, Renata - University of Warsaw, Faculty of Management, Warsaw, Polanden
dc.contributor.authorAffiliationNiedziółka, Paweł - Institute of Banking, SGH Warsaw School of Economics, Warsaw, Polanden
dc.identifier.eissn2082-6737
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dc.contributor.authorEmailKarkowska, Renata - rkarkowska@wz.uw.edu.pl
dc.contributor.authorEmailNiedziółka, Paweł - pniedz@sgh.waw.pl
dc.identifier.doi10.18778/1508-2008.29.11
dc.relation.volume29


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