Pokaż uproszczony rekord

dc.contributor.authorCassina, Chiara
dc.contributor.authorNickl, Emma Maria
dc.contributor.authorOh, Jinhwan
dc.date.accessioned2026-06-25T10:25:20Z
dc.date.available2026-06-25T10:25:20Z
dc.date.issued2026-06-24
dc.identifier.issn1508-2008
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11089/58647
dc.description.abstractThis study examines the determinants of Poland’s bilateral official developmental assistance (ODA) per capita allocation between 2013 and 2023 across 127 recipient countries. Employing panel data and multiple regression models, the analysis evaluates whether Poland, as a European Union post-accession donor with a post-communist transition background, allocates aid primarily based on recipient need or donor interest. The results indicate that Poland allocates significantly higher per capita aid to Eastern Partnership countries, reflecting strong regional solidarity rooted in historical ties. Within this regional context, aid allocation exhibits a non-linear income pattern, with middle-income recipients receiving the most support. Contrastingly, among non-Eastern Partnership recipients, income plays a minimal to negligible role in Poland’s aid allocation decisions. Trade relationships are relevant within the regional context, whereas democracy promotion shows no significant influence on aid allocation. The analysis further reveals that Russia’s invasion of Ukraine had a significant impact on Poland’s aid allocation to Eastern Partnership countries. Overall, these findings provide partial support for the dual-track hypothesis identified in the literature on emerging Asian donors. The results suggest that Poland’s ODA follows a regionally focused strategy that combines geopolitical concerns with transition solidarity, rather than being driven by humanitarian or commercial motives.en
dc.description.abstractW artykule poddano analizie determinanty bilateralnej oficjalnej pomocy rozwojowej (ODA) per capita, przyznawanej przez Polskę w latach 2013–2023 na rzecz 127 krajów-beneficjentów. Wykorzystując dane panelowe oraz modele regresji wielokrotnej, zbadano, czy Polska – jako kraj Unii Europejskiej z doświadczeniem transformacji postkomunistycznej, będący po akcesji dawcą pomocy – alokuje pomoc przede wszystkim na podstawie potrzeb beneficjentów czy też interesów dawcy. Wyniki wskazują, że Polska przeznacza istotnie wyższą pomoc per capita dla krajów Partnerstwa Wschodniego, co odzwierciedla silną solidarność regionalną zakorzenioną w więziach historycznych. W ramach tego kontekstu regionalnego alokacja pomocy wykazuje nieliniowy wzorzec dochodowy, przy czym kraje o średnich dochodach otrzymują największe wsparcie. Z kolei wśród krajów nienależących do Partnerstwa Wschodniego poziom dochodu odgrywa minimalną lub wręcz znikomą rolę w decyzjach Polski dotyczących alokacji pomocy. Relacje handlowe mają znaczenie w ujęciu regionalnym, natomiast promowanie demokracji nie wykazuje istotnego wpływu na alokację pomocy. Analiza ujawniła ponadto, że inwazja Rosji na Ukrainę miała istotny wpływ na alokację polskiej pomocy dla krajów Partnerstwa Wschodniego. Ogółem wyniki te częściowo potwierdzają hipotezę podwójnej ścieżki, identyfikowaną w literaturze dotyczącej wschodzących azjatyckich dawców pomocy. Rezultaty sugerują, że polska oficjalna pomoc rozwojowa realizuje strategię skoncentrowaną regionalnie, łączącą uwarunkowania geopolityczne z solidarnością transformacyjną, zamiast być determinowaną względami humanitarnymi lub komercyjnymi.pl
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherWydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiegopl
dc.relation.ispartofseriesComparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe;2en
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
dc.subjectODA determinantsen
dc.subjectPolanden
dc.subjectpost-accession donoren
dc.subjectEastern Partnershipen
dc.subjectdeterminanty ODApl
dc.subjectPolskapl
dc.subjectpoakcesyjny dawca pomocypl
dc.subjectPartnerstwo Wschodniepl
dc.titleDeterminants of Foreign Aid: The Case of Polanden
dc.title.alternativeDeterminanty pomocy zagranicznej: przypadek Polskipl
dc.typeArticle
dc.page.number185-206
dc.contributor.authorAffiliationCassina, Chiara - Business Administration and International Relations, IE University, Madrid, Spainen
dc.contributor.authorAffiliationNickl, Emma Maria - International Business, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlandsen
dc.contributor.authorAffiliationOh, Jinhwan - Graduate School of International Studies, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea,en
dc.identifier.eissn2082-6737
dc.referencesAlesina, A., Dollar, D. (2000), Who Gives Foreign Aid to Whom and Why?, “Working Paper”, 6612, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, https://doi.org/10.3386/w6612en
dc.referencesBerthélemy, J.-C., Tichit, A. (2004), Bilateral donors’ aid allocation decisions – a three-dimensional panel analysis, “International Review of Economics & Finance”, 13 (3), pp. 253–274, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iref.2003.11.004en
dc.referencesBieńczyk-Missala, A. (2025), Poland’s Aid to Ukraine Through the Lens of Responsibility to Protect (R2P), “Stosunki Międzynarodowe – International Relations”, 5 (13), https://doi.org/10.12688/stomiedintrelat.17940.1en
dc.referencesDrążkiewicz-Grodzicka, E. (2013), From Recipient to Donor: The Case of Polish Developmental Cooperation, “Human Organization”, 72 (1), pp. 65–75, http://www.jstor.org/stable/44148683en
dc.referencesDreher, A., Fuchs, A., Parks, B., Strange, A.M., Tierney, M.J. (2018), Apples and Dragon Fruits: The Determinants of Aid and Other Forms of State Financing from China to Africa, “International Studies Quarterly”, 62 (1), pp. 182–194, https://doi.org/10.1093/isq/sqx052en
dc.referencesDreher, A., Nunnenkamp, P., Thiele, R. (2011), Are “New” Donors Different? Comparing the Allocation of Bilateral Aid Between nonDAC and DAC Donor Countries, “World Development”, 39 (11), pp. 1950–1968, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2011.07.024en
dc.referencesEuropean Union External Action (2025), Eastern Partnership, European Union External Action Service, Brussels, https://www.eeas.europa.eu/eeas/eastern-partnership_en (accessed: 26.11.2025).en
dc.referencesFuchs, A., Vadlamannati, K.C. (2013), The Needy Donor: An Empirical Analysis of India’s Aid Motives, “World Development”, 44, pp. 110–128, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2012.12.012en
dc.referencesHoekman, B., Shingal, A. (2024), Development Goals, commercial interest and EU Aid-for-Trade, “World Development”, 173, 106389, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2023.106389en
dc.referencesHorký, O., Lightfoot, S. (2012), From Aid Recipients to Aid Donors? Development Policies of Central and Eastern European States, “Perspectives on European Politics and Society”, 13 (1), pp. 1–16, https://doi.org/10.1080/15705854.2011.649169en
dc.referencesJasiecki, K. (2024), Public Opinion on Poland’s Aid for Less Developed Countries and Ukraine, “Studia z Polityki Publicznej”, 11 (2), pp. 25–42, https://doi.org/10.33119/kszpp/2024.2.2en
dc.referencesKavakli, K.C. (2018), Domestic Politics and the Motives of Emerging Donors: Evidence from Turkish Foreign Aid, “Political Research Quarterly”, 71 (3), pp. 614–627, https://doi.org/10.1177/1065912917750783en
dc.referencesKiel Institute for the World Economy (2025), Ukraine Support Tracker. A database of military, financial and humanitarian Aid to Ukraine, Kiel, https://www.kielinstitut.de/topics/war-against-ukraine/ukraine-support-tracker/ (accessed: 19.03.2026).en
dc.referencesKim, E.M., Oh, J. (2012), Determinants of Foreign Aid: The Case of South Korea, “Journal of East Asian Studies”, 12 (2), pp. 251–274, https://doi.org/10.1017/s1598240800007852en
dc.referencesKojder, A. (1998), Systemic Transformation in Poland: 1989–1997, “Polish Sociological Review”, 123, pp. 247–266, http://www.jstor.org/stable/41274682en
dc.referencesLightfoot, S. (2010), The Europeanisation of International Development Policies: The Case of Central and Eastern European States, “Europe-Asia Studies”, 62 (2), pp. 329–350, https://doi.org/10.1080/09668130903506854en
dc.referencesMinistry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Poland (2019), Polish Development Cooperation in the Eastern Partnership States, Warsaw, https://www.gov.pl/web/polishaid/brochure-on-polands-development-cooperation-in-the-eastern-partnerships (accessed: 19.03.2026).en
dc.referencesMinistry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Poland (2021), The Multiannual Programme for Development Cooperation for 2021–2030. Solidarity for Development, Warsaw, https://www.gov.pl/web/polishaid/the-multiannual-programme-for-development-cooperation-for-2021-2030-solidarity-for-development (accessed: 19.03.2026).en
dc.referencesMinistry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Poland (2023), Polish Aid 2023 in numbers, Warsaw, https://www.gov.pl/web/polishaid/polish-aid-2023-in-numbers (accessed: 19.03.2026).en
dc.referencesMinistry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Poland (2025), 2026 Development Cooperation Plan, Warsaw, https://www.gov.pl/web/polskapomoc/plan-wspolpracy-rozwojowej-w-2026-roku-przyjety (accessed: 19.03.2026).en
dc.referencesOECD (2023), OECD Development Co-operation Peer Reviews: Poland 2023, “OECD Development Co-operation Peer Reviews”, OECD Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/deae8fba-enen
dc.referencesOECD (2025), Development Co-operation Profiles: Poland, OECD Publishing, Paris, https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/development-co-operation-profiles_04b376d7-en/poland_abc495f8-en.html (accessed: 19.03.2026).en
dc.referencesOpršal, Z., Harmáček, J., Syrovátka, M. (2016), The allocation of Czech foreign aid in Sub-Saharan Africa: the influence of historical relationships, “International Journal of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies”, 9 (4), 325, https://doi.org/10.1504/ijepee.2016.081401en
dc.referencesOpršal, Z., Harmáček, J., Vítová, P., Syrovátka, M., Jarecka-Stępień, K. (2020), Polish and Czech foreign aid: a ‘mélange’ of geopolitical and developmental objectives, “Journal of International Relations and Development”, 24 (2), pp. 279–305, https://doi.org/10.1057/s41268-020-00192-xen
dc.referencesPetrova, T. (2014), International, national or local? Explaining the substance of democracy promotion: the case of Eastern European democracy promotion, “Cambridge Review of International Affairs”, 28 (1), pp. 136–155, https://doi.org/10.1080/09557571.2014.891100en
dc.referencesRepublic of Poland 2022, Act of 12 March 2022, Law on Assistance to Citizens of Ukraine in Connection with Armed Conflict on the Territory of that Country, Journal of Laws 2022, item 583, https://www.refworld.org/legal/legislation/natlegbod/2022/147320 (accessed: 19.03.2026).en
dc.referencesSulowski, S. (2014), Polish Foreign Policy Since 1989, “Studia Politologiczne”, 31, pp. 23–37, https://www.studiapolitologiczne.pl/pdf-115950-45280?filename=45280.pdf (accessed: 26.11.2025).en
dc.referencesSzent-Iványi, B. (2012), Aid allocation of the emerging Central and Eastern European donors, “Journal of International Relations and Development”, 15 (1), pp. 65–89, https://doi.org/10.1057/jird.2011.19en
dc.referencesSzewczak, A.M. (2015), The Polish Round Table 1989: Negotiating the Revolution, “Journal of Dialogue Studies”, 3 (2), pp. 105–108, https://doi.org/10.55207/tent8367en
dc.referencesYabe, K., Opršal, Z., Harmáček, J., Syrovátka, M. (2024), Aid allocation across the humanitarian-development-peace nexus: the role of fragility as a donors’ motive, “Humanities and Social Sciences Communications”, 11 (1), https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-024-03512-5en
dc.referencesZajaczkowski, M., Smolaga, M. (2023), Dynamics of EU Central and Eastern European donors’ development cooperation, “Stosunki Międzynarodowe – International Relations”, 59, 11, https://doi.org/10.12688/stomiedintrelat.17714.1en
dc.contributor.authorEmailCassina, Chiara - ccassina.ieu2022@student.ie.edu
dc.contributor.authorEmailNickl, Emma Maria - e.nickl@student.maastrichtuniversity.nl
dc.contributor.authorEmailOh, Jinhwan - joh@ewha.ac.kr
dc.identifier.doi10.18778/1508-2008.29.16
dc.relation.volume29


Pliki tej pozycji

Thumbnail
Thumbnail

Pozycja umieszczona jest w następujących kolekcjach

Pokaż uproszczony rekord

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Poza zaznaczonymi wyjątkami, licencja tej pozycji opisana jest jako https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0