Charakterystyka wybranych parametrów populacyjnych bociana białego (Ciconia ciconia) w środkowej Polsce
Streszczenie
On the basis of the so far collected and/or published data on the White Stork of
central Poland (the Łódź Upland) the authors undertook an attempt to explain the
spatial and tem poral distribution of breeding efficiency, population density as well as
nests localization and nest distribution in relation to human settlements.
The efficiency of White Stork breeding depends on biotopic conditions and
interspecific competition. Precipitation in spring has a positive while precipitation and
low temperatures in June a negative impact on interspecific competition.
Habitat conditions of the White Stork have begun to display a constant tendency to
decrease in quality, mainly due to land draining.
The interspecific competition depends on biotopic conditions and on density.
Optimal habitat conditions, including weather ones, may largely neutralize the impact
of the intraspecific competition, which enables the population an increase in density,
leading even to the appearance of aggregations and colonies. A deterioration in habitat
conditions increases interspecific competition, which decreases breeding success to
a lower extent than that which could be expected, caused decomposition of aggregations
and decrease in the density of breeding pairs. The appearance of a nest outside of the
settlement area is a result of interspecific competition.