The purpose of this article was to clarify fundamental models for organizing urbanization process inside of ‘non-urban zones’ in Poland. This question is analyzed in the context of both urban-forming forces, the centripetal ...

In Poland, small towns are important elements in the settlement system, serving as local centres mainly for the surrounding rural areas. In this context, the following questions seem relevant: (1) Does the local functions ...

The purpose of the article is to identify the main trends of population changes in small towns located in the hinterlands of the major urban agglomerations in Poland in 1995–2018. It was assumed that the demographic situation ...