| dc.description.abstract | "Kultura języka", a term which does not have an English equivalent, but
corresponds roughly to "cultivated usage", consists in exercising conscious
influence on the language and its development, as well as in making conscious
use of it in interhuman relations. Exercising influence on the language
means the forming of linguistic norms, that is to say certain directives
on how to use the given elements of language, namely how to pronounce
certain sounds, how to inflect words, by means of what rules to join them
into sentences, etc. A linguistic norm must be based on linguistic reality,
that is one cannot establish a norm which would not be supported by the
usage of at least part of the language community. The notion of norm entails
another phenomenon, namely a linguistic error, resulting either from one’s
being ignorant of the norm, or from a visible misapplication of the norm.
However, language is a phenomenon subject to constant evolution. This evolution
results from linguistic innovations, that is to say from such deviations
from the norm which do not meet with objection from the competent part
of the society.
The author goes on to discuss a number of examples which illustrate deviations
from the norm in pronunciation, inflection, syntax, lexicon, etc.
Talking about the lexicon, the author stresses the fact that the speaker
must adjust his vocabulary to the subject matter, in accordance with his intention. | pl_PL |
