Regionalne skutki stosowania Centralnych instrumentów gospodarczych na przykładzie systemu odpisów aa państwowy fundusz aktywizacji zawodowej

Abstract

The area of Poland is characterised with regional dlaparltles appearing In the level of econoalc development, environmental conditions, the population'« living standards and functioning of the settlement network. Goals of the space policy pursued by the state constitute, to a big extent, their derivative and they are different for particular regions. In the present situation, there are applied numerous economic instruments, with the majority of them being used uniformily throughout the whole country. They serve realisation of the economic policy goals and they are often a reflection of the country's economic situation and of the branch structure of development. These instruments have mechanisms differentiating their operation within branch (vertical) systems without differentiating them in territorial (horizontal) systems. Economic processes occur on the space and they shape it actively. Consequently, application of economic Instruments produces spatialreglonal effects. The aim of this work is to determine whether application of uniform economic instruments on the national scale can be reconciled with the state space policy, and to what extent spatial effects produced by them are compatible with its goals. For this purpose, there have been analyzed regional effects produced by application or an instrument exerting its influence on the level of employment and wages In enterprises. This instrument is the system of deductions from profit for the State Fund of Professional Activation. It was performing an important role in realisation of economic goals, because it was to stimulate rationalization of employment in enterprises and restrict wage increases not justified by growth of the labour productivity. Thus, it was performing antiinflationary functions. The analysis has revealed that its application has produced significant regional consequences, which have been compared with goals of the space policy. It has been found out that regional consequences of applying this instrument were negative. They were imposing a major constraint on realisation of the space policy goals in such areas as equalisation of the economic development level in all parts of Poland, elimination of regional disparities in the population's living standards, shifts of the economic potential, changes in the territorial structure of employment, shifts and allocations of population, and changes in the functioning of the settlement network.