Przemiany struktury funkcjonalnej Nowego Miasta w Mysłowicach w 1913 i 2013 r. w świetle materiałów kartograficznych

Abstract

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie przemian struktury funkcjonalnej południowego fragmentu staromiejskiej części Mysłowic, tzw. Nowego Miasta, pomiędzy 1913 r. i 2013 r. Analizy dokonano w oparciu o mapy funkcjonalne obszaru, sygnalizując głębszy problem badawczy. Studium obejmuje pełne spektrum rodzajów działalności gospodarczych prowadzonych na obszarze badań w ujęciu historycznym oraz współczesnym. Postępowanie badawcze przeprowadzono w oparciu o chronologicznie zestawione plany miasta. Przyjęte daty graniczne prezentują układ funkcjonalny Nowego Miasta w Mysłowicach w czasach jego maksymalnego rozwoju oraz współczesnego regresu funkcjonalnego.

Urban development is continuous and very complex process which causes numerous urban space transformations, both in spatial and functional terms. The aim of paper is analysis of functional changes in the area of south part of major functional center of Mysłowice town at 1913 and 2013. Studies were conducted on the base of functional maps and their comparative analysis. The analysis include the area of Nowe Miasto (Nowe Mysłowice, New Town, New Mysłowice). Seat of local government, railway station with former emigratory station and surrounding buildings are located at this area now. Researches included the spectrum of economic activity at study area, according to Conzen’s method and conceptions of institutional base, both in historical and contemporary terms. The functional maps of Nowe Miasto were made on the base of archival materials (literature, commercial registers, town plan from 1911), contemporary town plan from 2009 and field inventory of economic activity at study area in 2013. The cartographic materials were registered and calibrated in Poland CS92 coordinate system (EPSG: 2180) and next digitized with applied MapInfo Professional package. Studies showed that functional structure of south part of major functional center of Mysłowice town has changed significantly between 1913 and 2013. At 1913 area of Nowe Miasto was characterized by activities connected with border traffic (hotels, restaurants, banks). Buildings of schools, synagogue and Evangelical Church gave unique character to this part of town. Contemporary this area is undergoing the spatial and functional crisis and urban structure was degraded. The major part of economic activities at study area in 2013 have endogenic character also.