Geneza tzw. sprawy irańskiej w Radzie Bezpieczeństwa ONZ

Abstract

The so-called "Iranian case" in the UN Security Council had its prehistory dating back to the years preceding the First World War, when Russia and Great Britain divided their influence zones in Iran between themselves. Throughout the entire interwar period the Iranian oil deposits were an area of rivalry of big powers for rights to their exploitation. The situation did not change with the outbreak of the Second World War. During its early stage, in the years of Soviet-German collaboration Iran was also a topic of great interest for both sides. Following the German aggression of the USSR. Iran played a vital role due to its strategic location. In August 1941 Soviet and British troops entered its territory, and the tripartite British-Soviet-Iranian treaty regulating principles governing the stationing of foreign (allied) troops on the Iranian territory was signed on 29th January 1942. A relevant point of the treaty stipulated the date of their evacuation from Iran, i.e., not later than six months after ending the fight against the enemy. Presentation of reasons and circumstances, in which the USSR did not want to evacuate its troops at the stipulated time is an object of the author's deliberations. On the basis of documents from the Foreign Policy Archives of the Russian Federation and the latest literature the author presents strivings of the Kremlin authorities to strengthen the Soviet economic (oil) and political presence in Iran. A great deal of attention is paid by the author to efforts made by the Soviet diplomacy to win acceptance of the western powers for the policy towards Iran pursued by the Kremlin.