Formy, mechanizmy i zasady regulacji podwyżek cen w wybranych krajach kapitalistycznych

Abstract

The author presents in a rough outline the principles and ways of verifying relations of price rises, and the experience of selected capitalist countries, which have worked out in this field numerous principles, ways and devices being also of significance for other socio-political systems. The three-element system of control, selection and verification of price rises: (1) institutions, (2) forms and methods, (3) principles of verification and selection of price increase have been discussed in the article on the example of the following countries: Holland, Great Britain, France, Belgium, Sweden, Italy, USA and Austria. The article ends with conclusions concerning regularities and national differences in the central control of an upward movement of prices, and conditions determining effectiveness of such control. These conditions include: - elaboration of clear and overt principles of economically justified "pass on", transfer onto prices of products of increases in prices of purchasing objects of labour, as well as growth of wages and other items of costs; - putting into effect parallelly, successively or jointly various solutions aiming at restricting an upward movement of prices, adjusting them to conditions and needs of non-market verification and selection of price rises; - solving a mechanism of control of price rises and its institutional side, including setting up an organ of verification and selection of price rise applications, involvement of a factor of experts, public opinion and interested social organizations such as e.g. trade unions, social federations.